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We present the Benchmark of Information Retrieval (IR) tasks with Complex Objectives (BIRCO). BIRCO evaluates the ability of IR systems to retrieve documents given multi-faceted user objectives. The benchmark's complexity and compact size…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Xiaoyue Wang , Jianyou Wang , Weili Cao , Kaicheng Wang , Ramamohan Paturi , Leon Bergen

Unstructured text has long been difficult to automatically analyze at scale. Large language models (LLMs) now offer a way forward by enabling {\em semantic data processing}, where familiar data processing operators (e.g., map, reduce,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Shreya Shankar , Bhavya Chopra , Mawil Hasan , Stephen Lee , Björn Hartmann , Joseph M. Hellerstein , Aditya G. Parameswaran , Eugene Wu

The relevance of the Key Information Extraction (KIE) task is increasingly important in natural language processing problems. But there are still only a few well-defined problems that serve as benchmarks for solutions in this area. To…

Natural language processing is used for solving a wide variety of problems. Some scholars and interest groups working with language resources are not well versed in programming, so there is a need for a good graphical framework that allows…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Timotej Knez , Marko Bajec , Slavko Žitnik

Recently, large-scale transformer-based models have been proven to be effective over various tasks across many domains. Nevertheless, applying them in industrial production requires tedious and heavy works to reduce inference costs. To fill…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Gongzheng Li , Yadong Xi , Jingzhen Ding , Duan Wang , Bai Liu , Changjie Fan , Xiaoxi Mao , Zeng Zhao

Recent works on form understanding mostly employ multimodal transformers or large-scale pre-trained language models. These models need ample data for pre-training. In contrast, humans can usually identify key-value pairings from a form only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Bhanu Prakash Voutharoja , Lizhen Qu , Fatemeh Shiri

Transformer language models provide superior accuracy over previous models but they are computationally and environmentally expensive. Borrowing the concept of model cascading from computer vision, we introduce BabyBear, a framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Leila Khalili , Yao You , John Bohannon

The rapid advancement of large language models has unlocked remarkable capabilities across a diverse array of natural language processing tasks. However, the considerable differences among available LLMs-in terms of cost, performance, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yifan Zhang , Xinkui Zhao , Zuxin Wang , Guanjie Cheng , Yueshen Xu , Shuiguang Deng , Jianwei Yin

While mechanistic interpretability has developed powerful tools to analyze the internal workings of Large Language Models (LLMs), their complexity has created an accessibility gap, limiting their use to specialists. We address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Aaron Louis Eidt , Nils Feldhus

Querying tables with unstructured data is challenging due to the presence of text (or image), either embedded in the table or in external paragraphs, which traditional SQL struggles to process, especially for tasks requiring semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Rohit Khoja , Devanshu Gupta , Yanjie Fu , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, deploying LLMs at scale for domain specific applications, such as job-person fit and explanation in job seeking…

Scripting interfaces enable users to automate tasks and customize software workflows, but creating scripts traditionally requires programming expertise and familiarity with specific APIs, posing barriers for many users. While Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Paiheng Xu , Gang Wu , Xiang Chen , Tong Yu , Chang Xiao , Franck Dernoncourt , Tianyi Zhou , Wei Ai , Viswanathan Swaminathan

Recently, pre-trained models have achieved state-of-the-art results in various language understanding tasks, which indicates that pre-training on large-scale corpora may play a crucial role in natural language processing. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Yu Sun , Shuohuan Wang , Yukun Li , Shikun Feng , Hao Tian , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance and tremendous potential across a wide range of tasks. However, deploying these models has been challenging due to the astronomical amount of model parameters, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Haihao Shen , Hanwen Chang , Bo Dong , Yu Luo , Hengyu Meng

GUI task automation streamlines repetitive tasks, but existing LLM or VLM-based planner-executor agents suffer from brittle generalization, high latency, and limited long-horizon coherence. Their reliance on single-shot reasoning or static…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Seoyoung Lee , Seonbin Yoon , Seongbeen Lee , Hyesoo Kim , Joo Yong Sim

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective across various natural language processing tasks. However, their large number of parameters poses significant challenges for practical deployment. Pruning, a technique aimed at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Jiwon Song , Kyungseok Oh , Taesu Kim , Hyungjun Kim , Yulhwa Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

Extracting medical knowledge from healthcare texts enhances downstream tasks like medical knowledge graph construction and clinical decision-making. However, the construction and application of knowledge extraction models lack automation,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Hongxin Ding , Peinie Zou , Zhiyuan Wang , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang , Qiang Zhou

Formulating mathematical models from real-world decision problems is a core task in Operational Research, yet it typically requires considerable human expertise and effort, limiting practical application. Recent advances in large language…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Qingyang Li , Lele Zhang , Vicky Mak-Hau

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive abilities in generating unstructured natural language according to instructions. However, their performance can be inconsistent when tasked with producing text that adheres to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yinghao Li , Rampi Ramprasad , Chao Zhang

In recent years, the rise of large language models (LLMs) has made it possible to directly achieve named entity recognition (NER) without any demonstration samples or only using a few samples through in-context learning (ICL). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Guochao Jiang , Zepeng Ding , Yuchen Shi , Deqing Yang