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Machine learning on trees has been mostly focused on trees as input to algorithms. Much less research has investigated trees as output, which has many applications, such as molecule optimization for drug discovery, or hint generation for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Benjamin Paassen , Irena Koprinska , Kalina Yacef

Learning representations on large-sized graphs is a long-standing challenge due to the inter-dependence nature involved in massive data points. Transformers, as an emerging class of foundation encoders for graph-structured data, have shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Qitian Wu , Wentao Zhao , Chenxiao Yang , Hengrui Zhang , Fan Nie , Haitian Jiang , Yatao Bian , Junchi Yan

Autoregressive models are typically applied to sequences of discrete tokens, but recent research indicates that generating sequences of continuous embeddings in an autoregressive manner is also feasible. However, such Continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Marco Pasini , Javier Nistal , Stefan Lattner , George Fazekas

Transformers have shown strong ability to model long-term dependencies and are increasingly adopted as world models in model-based reinforcement learning (RL) under partial observability. However, unlike natural language corpora, RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Daniel De Dios Allegue , Jinke He , Frans A. Oliehoek

Real-world data generation often involves complex inter-dependencies among instances, violating the IID-data hypothesis of standard learning paradigms and posing a challenge for uncovering the geometric structures for learning desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Qitian Wu , Chenxiao Yang , Wentao Zhao , Yixuan He , David Wipf , Junchi Yan

We propose a novel framework, Continuous_Time Attention, which infuses partial differential equations (PDEs) into the Transformer's attention mechanism to address the challenges of extremely long input sequences. Instead of relying solely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yukun Zhang , Xueqing Zhou

Real world images often have highly imbalanced content density. Some areas are very uniform, e.g., large patches of blue sky, while other areas are scattered with many small objects. Yet, the commonly used successive grid downsampling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Chen Ziwen , Kaushik Patnaik , Shuangfei Zhai , Alvin Wan , Zhile Ren , Alex Schwing , Alex Colburn , Li Fuxin

Sequential recommendation models have achieved state-of-the-art performance using self-attention mechanism. It has since been found that moving beyond only using item ID and positional embeddings leads to a significant accuracy boost when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Linsey Pang , Amir Hossein Raffiee , Wei Liu , Keld Lundgaard

Automatically detecting Alzheimer's Disease (AD) from spontaneous speech plays an important role in its early diagnosis. Recent approaches highly rely on the Transformer architectures due to its efficiency in modelling long-range context…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Zhongren Dong , Zixing Zhang , Weixiang Xu , Jing Han , Jianjun Ou , Björn W. Schuller

Generative recommendation (GR) aligns with advances in generative AI by casting next-item prediction as token-level generation rather than score-based ranking. Most GR methods adopt a two-stage pipeline: (i) \textit{item tokenization},…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Zhenxiang Xu , Jiawei Chen , Sirui Chen , Yong He , Jieyu Yang , Chuan Yuan , Ke Ding , Can Wang

To predict the next token, autoregressive models ordinarily examine the past. Could they also benefit from also examining hypothetical futures? We consider a novel Transformer-based autoregressive architecture that estimates the next-token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Li Du , Hongyuan Mei , Jason Eisner

Inspired by recent developments in attention models for image classification and natural language processing, we present various Attention based architectures in reinforcement learning (RL) domain, capable of performing well on OpenAI Gym…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Victor Vadakechirayath George

In this work, we propose "Residual Attention Network", a convolutional neural network using attention mechanism which can incorporate with state-of-art feed forward network architecture in an end-to-end training fashion. Our Residual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Fei Wang , Mengqing Jiang , Chen Qian , Shuo Yang , Cheng Li , Honggang Zhang , Xiaogang Wang , Xiaoou Tang

Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) is considered as an effective approach for realizing continual learning thanks to its ability to handle the plasticity-stability dilemma. In general, however, the clustering performance of ART-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Naoki Masuyama , Narito Amako , Yuna Yamada , Yusuke Nojima , Hisao Ishibuchi

Despite the success of deep learning for text and image data, tree-based ensemble models are still state-of-the-art for machine learning with heterogeneous tabular data. However, there is a significant need for tabular-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Sascha Marton , Stefan Lüdtke , Christian Bartelt , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

We describe an attentive encoder that combines tree-structured recursive neural networks and sequential recurrent neural networks for modelling sentence pairs. Since existing attentive models exert attention on the sequential structure, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Yao Zhou , Cong Liu , Yan Pan

Tree-based models are widely recognized for their interpretability and have proven effective in various application domains, particularly in high-stakes domains. However, learning decision trees (DTs) poses a significant challenge due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sascha Marton

Autoregressive models are predominant in natural language generation, while their application in tabular data remains underexplored. We posit that this can be attributed to two factors: 1) tabular data contains heterogeneous data type,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Hengrui Zhang , Liancheng Fang , Qitian Wu , Philip S. Yu

Transformer-based architectures have become the prevailing backbone of large language models. However, the quadratic time and memory complexity of self-attention remains a fundamental obstacle to efficient long-context modeling. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yutao Sun , Zhenyu Li , Yike Zhang , Tengyu Pan , Bowen Dong , Yuyi Guo , Jianyong Wang

Text-to-image generation with visual autoregressive~(VAR) models has recently achieved impressive advances in generation fidelity and inference efficiency. While control mechanisms have been explored for diffusion models, enabling precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Keli Liu , Zhendong Wang , Wengang Zhou , Shaodong Xu , Ruixiao Dong , Houqiang Li