Related papers: Fagin's Theorem for Semiring Turing Machines
Fagin's seminal result characterizing $\mathsf{NP}$ in terms of existential second-order logic started the fruitful field of descriptive complexity theory. In recent years, there has been much interest in the investigation of quantitative…
This work investigates the computational expressivity of language models (LMs) based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Siegelmann and Sontag (1992) famously showed that RNNs with rational weights and hidden states and unbounded…
The complexity class $NP$ can be logically characterized both through existential second order logic $SO\exists$, as proven by Fagin, and through simulating a Turing machine via the satisfiability problem of propositional logic SAT, as…
Complexity classes such as $\#\mathbf{P}$, $\oplus\mathbf{P}$, $\mathbf{GapP}$, $\mathbf{OptP}$, $\mathbf{NPMV}$, or the class of fuzzy languages realised by polynomial-time fuzzy nondeterministic Turing machines, can all be described in…
Binary semirings such as the tropical, log, and probability semirings form a core algebraic tool in classical and modern neural inference systems, supporting tasks like Viterbi decoding, dynamic programming, and probabilistic reasoning.…
By using of analytical multi-logic expresses in conjunction with non-deterministic Turing machine the proposition was proved that algorithm of deterministic Turing counter machine of polynomial time complexity can be decreased to the…
We prove that for any $\varepsilon>0$, a non-deterministic Turing machine $\mathcal{T}$ with time complexity $T(n)$ can be emulated by an $S$-machine with time and space complexities at most $T(n)^{1+\varepsilon}$ and $T(n)$, respectively.…
We present novel semiring semantics for abstract reduction systems (ARSs). More precisely, we provide a weighted version of ARSs, where the reduction steps induce weights from a semiring. Inspired by provenance analysis in database theory…
Semiring parsing is an elegant framework for describing parsers by using semiring weighted logic programs. In this paper we present a generalization of this concept: latent-variable semiring parsing. With our framework, any semiring…
Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and transformers have been shown to be Turing-complete, but this result assumes infinite precision in their hidden representations, positional encodings for transformers, and unbounded computation time in…
We introduce a restricted second-order logic $\mathrm{SO}^{\mathit{plog}}$ for finite structures where second-order quantification ranges over relations of size at most poly-logarithmic in the size of the structure. We demonstrate the…
The notion of Reactive Turing machine (RTM) was proposed as an orthogonal extension of Turing machines with interaction. RTMs are used to define the notion of executable transition system in the same way as Turing machines are used to…
In this paper we explore fundamental concepts in computational complexity theory and the boundaries of algorithmic decidability. We examine the relationship between complexity classes \textbf{P} and \textbf{NP}, where $L \in \textbf{P}$…
Traditional Turing machines are semantically poor, they only concern the syntactic manipulation of symbols, discarding the mathematical semantics behind the symbols. This semantic deficiency is considered the root cause of the three major…
Contrary to the classical case, the relation between quantum programming languages and quantum Turing Machines (QTM) has not being fully investigated. In particular, there are features of QTMs that have not been exploited, a notable example…
In this thesis, we introduce a new quantum Turing machine (QTM) model that supports general quantum operators, together with its pushdown, counter, and finite automaton variants, and examine the computational power of classical and quantum…
We prove the following facts about the language recognition power of quantum Turing machines (QTMs) in the unbounded error setting: QTMs are strictly more powerful than probabilistic Turing machines for any common space bound $ s $…
Purpose: This study extends the structural theory of finite commutative ternary $\Gamma$-semirings into a computational and categorical framework for explicit classification and constructive reasoning. Methods: Constraint-driven enumeration…
Most scholars concerned with the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM) think that contextuality and nonlocality (hence nonobjectivity of physical properties) are unavoidable features of QM which follow from the mathematical apparatus of QM.…
Continuing the study of complexity theory of Koepke's Ordinal Turing Machines (OTMs) that was started by Rin, L\"owe and the author, we prove the following results: (1) An analogue of Ladner's theorem for OTMs holds: That is, there are…