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A foundation model like GPT elicits many emergent abilities, owing to the pre-training with broad inclusion of data and the use of the powerful Transformer architecture. While foundation models in natural languages are prevalent, can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ziyuan Tang , Jie Chen

We introduce a class of random graph processes, which we call flip processes. Each such process is given by a rule which is a function $\mathcal{R}:\mathcal{H}_k\rightarrow \mathcal{H}_k$ from all labeled $k$-vertex graphs into itself ($k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Frederik Garbe , Jan Hladký , Matas Šileikis , Fiona Skerman

A quantum walk places a traverser into a superposition of both graph location and traversal "spin." The walk is defined by an initial condition, an evolution determined by a unitary coin/shift-operator, and a measurement based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-25 Marko A. Rodriguez , Jennifer H. Watkins

Message-passing graph neural networks (GNNs) excel at capturing local relationships but struggle with long-range dependencies in graphs. In contrast, graph transformers (GTs) enable global information exchange but often oversimplify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Dexiong Chen , Till Hendrik Schulz , Karsten Borgwardt

In an earlier paper the authors proved that limits of convergent graph sequences can be described by various structures, including certain 2-variable real functions called graphons, random graph models satisfying certain consistency…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-10 László Lovász , Balázs Szegedy

In this work we develop a theory of hierarchical clustering for graphs. Our modeling assumption is that graphs are sampled from a graphon, which is a powerful and general model for generating graphs and analyzing large networks. Graphons…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-24 Justin Eldridge , Mikhail Belkin , Yusu Wang

Graph signal processing (GSP) uses a shift operator to define a Fourier basis for the set of graph signals. The shift operator is often chosen to capture the graph topology. However, in many applications, the graph topology may be unknown a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-30 Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay , Antonio Ortega

Graph inference plays an essential role in machine learning, pattern recognition, and classification. Signal processing based approaches in literature generally assume some variational property of the observed data on the graph. We make a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-24 B. Subbareddy , Aditya Siripuram , Jingxin Zhang

Network data can be conveniently modeled as a graph signal, where data values are assigned to nodes of a graph that describes the underlying network topology. Successful learning from network data is built upon methods that effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Fernando Gama , Elvin Isufi , Geert Leus , Alejandro Ribeiro

We explore in this paper sufficient conditions for the $H$-property to hold, with a particular focus on the so-called line graphons. A graphon is a symmetric, measurable function from the unit square $[0,1]^2$ to the closed interval…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-01 Mohamed-Ali Belabbas , Xudong Chen , Tamer Basar

Spectral graph convolutional networks are generalizations of standard convolutional networks for graph-structured data using the Laplacian operator. A common misconception is the instability of spectral filters, i.e. the impossibility to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Axel Nilsson , Xavier Bresson

While spectral clustering algorithms for undirected graphs are well established and have been successfully applied to unsupervised machine learning problems ranging from image segmentation and genome sequencing to signal processing and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Stefan Klus , Natasa Djurdjevac Conrad

The concept of a random process has been recently extended to graph signals, whereby random graph processes are a class of multivariate stochastic processes whose coefficients are matrices with a \textit{graph-topological} structure. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-13 Thiernithi Variddhisai , Danilo Mandic

We consider two classes of natural stochastic processes on finite unlabeled graphs. These are Euclidean stochastic optimization algorithms on the adjacency matrix of weighted graphs and a modified version of the Metropolis MCMC algorithm on…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Siva Athreya , Soumik Pal , Raghav Somani , Raghavendra Tripathi

Consider a random graph process with $n$ vertices corresponding to points $v_{i} \sim {Unif}[0,1]$ embedded randomly in the interval, and where edges are inserted between $v_{i}, v_{j}$ independently with probability given by the graphon…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Jeannette Janssen , Aaron Smith

The main purpose of this thesis is to study the interplay between geometric properties of infinite graphs and analytic and probabilistic objects such as transition operators, harmonic functions and random walks on these graphs. For a…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-12-14 Ecaterina Sava

A graphon is a limiting object used to describe the behaviour of large networks through a function that captures the probability of edge formation between nodes. Although the merits of graphons to describe large and unlabelled networks are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-23 Charles Dufour , Sofia C. Olhede

One of the key challenges in the area of signal processing on graphs is to design dictionaries and transform methods to identify and exploit structure in signals on weighted graphs. To do so, we need to account for the intrinsic geometric…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-07-23 David I Shuman , Benjamin Ricaud , Pierre Vandergheynst

Quantifying the complexity of large graphs requires measures that extend beyond predefined structural features and scale efficiently with graph size. This work adopts a generative perspective, modeling large networks as exchangeable graphs…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Anda Skeja , Sofia C. Olhede

Graph neural networks (GNNs) provide state-of-the-art results in a wide variety of tasks which typically involve predicting features at the vertices of a graph. They are built from layers of graph convolutions which serve as a powerful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-08 Mauricio Velasco , Kaiying O'Hare , Bernardo Rychtenberg , Soledad Villar