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Related papers: A Two-armed Bandit Framework for A/B Testing

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With the growing needs of online A/B testing to support the innovation in industry, the opportunity cost of running an experiment becomes non-negligible. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for an efficient continuous monitoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Runzhe Wan , Yu Liu , James McQueen , Doug Hains , Rui Song

The two-sided markets such as ride-sharing companies often involve a group of subjects who are making sequential decisions across time and/or location. With the rapid development of smart phones and internet of things, they have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-28 Chengchun Shi , Runzhe Wan , Ge Song , Shikai Luo , Rui Song , Hongtu Zhu

Experimental design has emerged as a powerful approach for improving the sample efficiency of A/B testing, yet existing designs rely critically on correctly specified models. We study robust sequential experimental design under model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Qianglin Wen , Xiangkun Wu , Chengchun Shi , Ting Li , Niansheng Tang , Yingying Zhang , Hongtu Zhu

Recent works on Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB) and Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandits (COM-MAB) show good results on a global accuracy metric. This can be achieved, in the case of recommender systems, with personalization. However, with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Alexandre Letard , Tassadit Amghar , Olivier Camp , Nicolas Gutowski

Several researchers have recently investigated the connection between reinforcement learning and classification. We are motivated by proposals of approximate policy iteration schemes without value functions which focus on policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2008-07-06 Christos Dimitrakakis , Michail G. Lagoudakis

For personalized marketing, a new challenge of how to effectively algorithm the A/B testing to maximize user response is urgently to be overcome. In this paper, we present a new approach, the RL-LLM-AB test framework, for using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haoyang Feng , Yanjun Dai , Yuan Gao

Decision-making problems of sequential nature, where decisions made in the past may have an impact on the future, are used to model many practically important applications. In some real-world applications, feedback about a decision is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Ronald C. van den Broek , Rik Litjens , Tobias Sagis , Luc Siecker , Nina Verbeeke , Pratik Gajane

A/B testing has become the cornerstone of decision-making in online markets, guiding how platforms launch new features, optimize pricing strategies, and improve user experience. In practice, we typically employ the pairwise $t$-test to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-29 Junpeng Gong , Chunkai Wang , Hao Li , Jinyong Ma , Haoxuan Li , Xu He

A/B experiments are commonly used in research to compare the effects of changing one or more variables in two different experimental groups - a control group and a treatment group. While the benefits of using A/B experiments are widely…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Andrew Hornback , Sungeun An , Scott Bunin , Stephen Buckley , John Kos , Ashok Goel

Controlled experiments (A/B tests or randomized field experiments) are the de facto standard to make data-driven decisions when implementing changes and observing customer responses. The methodology to analyze such experiments should be…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-06 Shafi Kamalbasha , Manuel J. A. Eugster

During online decision making in Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB), one needs to conduct inference on the true mean reward of each arm based on data collected so far at each step. However, since the arms are adaptively selected--thereby yielding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Maria Dimakopoulou , Zhimei Ren , Zhengyuan Zhou

We introduce the cram method as a general statistical framework for evaluating the final learned policy from a multi-armed contextual bandit algorithm, using the dataset generated by the same bandit algorithm. The proposed on-policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Zeyang Jia , Kosuke Imai , Michael Lingzhi Li

Adaptive and sequential experiment design is a well-studied area in numerous domains. We survey and synthesize the work of the online statistical learning paradigm referred to as multi-armed bandits integrating the existing research as a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-04 Giuseppe Burtini , Jason Loeppky , Ramon Lawrence

We propose a new sequential decision-making setting, combining key aspects of two established online learning problems with bandit feedback. The optimal action to play at any given moment is contingent on an underlying changing state which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Alexander Galozy , Slawomir Nowaczyk , Mattias Ohlsson

The bandit paradigm provides a unified modeling framework for problems that require decision-making under uncertainty. Because many business metrics can be viewed as rewards (a.k.a. utilities) that result from actions, bandit algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Bram van den Akker , Olivier Jeunen , Ying Li , Ben London , Zahra Nazari , Devesh Parekh

Online controlled experiments (A/B tests) are fundamental to data-driven decision-making in the digital economy. However, their real-world application is frequently compromised by two critical shortcomings: the use of statistically flawed…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-30 Srijesh Pillai , Rajesh Kumar Chandrawat

Deep Reinforcement Learning has been shown to be very successful in complex games, e.g. Atari or Go. These games have clearly defined rules, and hence allow simulation. In many practical applications, however, interactions with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Andreas Merentitis , Kashif Rasul , Roland Vollgraf , Abdul-Saboor Sheikh , Urs Bergmann

Modern platforms leverage randomized experiments to make informed decisions from a given set of items (``treatments''). As a particularly challenging scenario, these items may (i) arrive in high volume, with thousands of new items being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Su Jia , Andrew Li , R. Ravi , Nishant Oli , Paul Duff , Ian Anderson

In this paper we propose a multi-armed bandit inspired, pool based active learning algorithm for the problem of binary classification. By carefully constructing an analogy between active learning and multi-armed bandits, we utilize ideas…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Ravi Ganti , Alexander G. Gray

A/B testing, also known as controlled experiment, bucket testing or splitting testing, has been widely used for evaluating a new feature, service or product in the data-driven decision processes of online websites. The goal of A/B testing…

Applications · Statistics 2016-10-26 Bai Jiang , Xiaolin Shi , Hongwei Shang , Zhigeng Geng , Alyssa Glass