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Code review that detects and locates defects and other quality issues plays an important role in software quality control. One type of issue that may impact the quality of software is code smells. Yet, little is known about the extent to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Xiaofeng Han , Amjed Tahir , Peng Liang , Steve Counsell , Kelly Blincoe , Bing Li , Yajing Luo

As Deep learning (DL) systems continuously evolve and grow, assuring their quality becomes an important yet challenging task. Compared to non-DL systems, DL systems have more complex team compositions and heavier data dependency. These…

Block-based programming languages like Scratch enable children to be creative while learning to program. Even though the block-based approach simplifies the creation of programs, learning to program can nevertheless be challenging.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Florian Obermüller , Lena Bloch , Luisa Greifenstein , Ute Heuer , Gordon Fraser

Code review plays an important role in software quality control. A typical review process would involve a careful check of a piece of code in an attempt to find defects and other quality issues/violations. One type of issues that may impact…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Xiaofeng Han , Amjed Tahir , Peng Liang , Steve Counsell , Yajing Luo

Code Smell, similar to a bad smell, is a surface indication of something tainted but in terms of software writing practices. This metric is an indication of a deeper problem lies within the code and is associated with an issue which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Himanshu Gupta , Tanmay G. Kulkarni , Lov Kumar , Lalita Bhanu Murthy Neti , Aneesh Krishna

Code smells as symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Many times they are the result of so called technical debt. Our study showed that the interest in code smells research is increasing. However, most of the publications are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Peter Kokol , Milan Zorman , Grega Zlahtic , Bojan Zlahtic

During software development, poor design and implementation choices can detrimentally impact software maintainability. Design smells, recurring patterns of poorly designed fragments, signify these issues. Role-stereotypes denote the generic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Daniel Ogenrwot , Joyce Nakatumba-Nabende , John Businge , Michel R. V. Chaudron

A smell in software source code denotes an indication of suboptimal design and implementation decisions, potentially hindering the code understanding and, in turn, raising the likelihood of being prone to changes and faults. Identifying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Anh Ho , Anh M. T. Bui , Phuong T. Nguyen , Amleto Di Salle , Bach Le

Simulation modelling systems are routinely used to test or understand real-world scenarios in a controlled setting. They have found numerous applications in scientific research, engineering, and industrial operations. Due to their complex…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Riasat Mahbub , Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Muhammad Ahsanul Habib

The Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in code-related tasks. However, most research focuses on improving the output quality of LLMs (e.g., correctness), and less attention has been paid to the LLM input (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhipeng Xue , Xiaoting Zhang , Zhipeng Gao , Xing Hu , Shan Gao , Xin Xia , Shanping Li

The popularity of machine learning has wildly expanded in recent years. Machine learning techniques have been heatedly studied in academia and applied in the industry to create business value. However, there is a lack of guidelines for code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Haiyin Zhang , Luís Cruz , Arie van Deursen

Bad smells have been defined to describe potential problems in code, possibly pointing out refactoring opportunities. Several empirical studies have highlighted that smells have a negative impact on comprehension and maintainability.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Elder Vicente de Paulo Sobrinho , Marcelo de Almeida Maia

Fault-proneness is an indication of programming errors that decreases software quality and maintainability. On the contrary, code smell is a symptom of potential design problems which has impact on fault-proneness. In the literature,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Md. Masudur Rahman , Toukir Ahammed , Md. Mahbubul Alam Joarder , Kazi Sakib

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have accelerated their adoption in software engineering contexts. However, concerns persist about the structural quality of the code they produce. In particular, LLMs often replicate poor…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Alejandro Velasco , Daniel Rodriguez-Cardenas , Dipin Khati , David N. Palacio , Luftar Rahman Alif , Denys Poshyvanyk

Code smells are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices, which might hinder comprehension, increase code complexity and fault-proneness and decrease maintainability of software systems. The aim of our study was to perform a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Peter Kokol , Marko Kokol , Sašo Zagoranski

Developing test code may be a time-consuming task that usually requires much effort and cost, especially when it is done manually. Besides, during this process, developers and testers are likely to adopt bad design choices, which may lead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Nildo Silva Junior , Larissa Rocha , Luana Almeida Martins , Ivan Machado

Code smells indicate software design problems that harm software quality. Data-intensive systems that frequently access databases often suffer from SQL code smells besides the traditional smells. While there have been extensive studies on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Biruk Asmare Muse , Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Csaba Nagy , Anthony Cleve , Foutse Khomh , Giuliano Antoniol

Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Mouna Abidi , Md Saidur Rahman , Moses Openja , Foutse Khomh

Context: Code smells (CS) tend to compromise software quality and also demand more effort by developers to maintain and evolve the application throughout its life-cycle. They have long been catalogued with corresponding mitigating solutions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-07 José Pereira dos Reis , Fernando Brito e Abreu , Glauco de Figueiredo Carneiro , Craig Anslow

Test smells, similar to code smells, can negatively impact both the test code and the production code being tested. Despite extensive research on test smells in languages like Java, Scala, and Python, automated tools for detecting test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Partha P. Paul , Md Tonoy Akanda , M. Raihan Ullah , Dipto Mondal , Nazia S. Chowdhury , Fazle M. Tawsif
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