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The mission of visual brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is to enhance information transfer rate (ITR) to reach high speed towards real-life communication. Despite notable progress, noninvasive visual BCIs have encountered a plateau in ITRs,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Nanlin Shi , Yining Miao , Changxing Huang , Xiang Li , Yonghao Song , Xiaogang Chen , Yijun Wang , Xiaorong Gao

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a powerful communication tool between users and systems, which enhances the capability of the human brain in communicating and interacting with the environment directly. Advances in neuroscience and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-31 Xiaotong Gu , Zehong Cao , Alireza Jolfaei , Peng Xu , Dongrui Wu , Tzyy-Ping Jung , Chin-Teng Lin

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies have been widely used in many areas. In particular, non-invasive technologies such as electroencephalography (EEG) or near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been used to detect motor imagery,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Zhe Sun , Zihao Huang , Feng Duan , Yu Liu

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) may provide a means of communication for those affected by severe paralysis. However, the relatively low information transfer rates (ITR) of these systems, currently limited…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Po T. Wang , Christine E. King , An H. Do , Zoran Nenadic

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Steady State Visually Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) have proven effective and provide significant accuracy and information-transfer rates. This family of strategies, however, requires external devices…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Arturo Micheli , Davide Consoli , Adrien Merlini , Paolo Ricci , Francesco P. Andriulli

Brain-computer interface (BCI) research, while promising, has largely been confined to static and fixed environments, limiting real-world applicability. To move towards practical BCI, we introduce a real-time wireless imagined speech…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ji-Ha Park , Heon-Gyu Kwak , Gi-Hwan Shin , Yoo-In Jeon , Sun-Min Park , Ji-Yeon Hwang , Seong-Whan Lee

Brain Computer Interface technologies are popular methods of communication between the human brain and external devices. One of the most popular approaches to BCI is Motor Imagery. In BCI applications, the ElectroEncephaloGraphy is a very…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Javier Fumanal-Idocin , Yu-Kai Wang , Chin-Teng Lin , Javier Fernández , Jose Antonio Sanz , Humberto Bustince

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is the technology that enables the communication between humans and devices by reflecting status and intentions of humans. When conducting imagined speech, the users imagine the pronunciation as if actually…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Dae-Hyeok Lee , Sung-Jin Kim , Keon-Woo Lee

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a way to interact with computers without relying on physical movements. Non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG)-based visual BCIs, known for efficient speed and calibration ease, face limitations in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Changxing Huang , Nanlin Shi , Yining Miao , Xiaogang Chen , Yijun Wang , Xiaorong Gao

This study introduces a pioneering approach in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, featuring our novel concept of complex visual imagery for non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG)-based communication. Complex visual imagery, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Byoung-Hee Kwon

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and external devices, providing critical support for individuals with motor impairments. However, accurate motor imagery (MI) decoding from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Panagiotis Andrikopoulos , Siamak Mehrkanoon

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables a user to communicate with a computer directly using brain signals. The most common non-invasive BCI modality, electroencephalogram (EEG), is sensitive to noise/artifact and suffers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Dongrui Wu , Yifan Xu , Bao-Liang Lu

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) enable converting the brain electrical activity of an interface user to the user commands. BCI research studies demonstrated encouraging results in different areas such as neurorehabilitation, control of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-07 Alexandra Samsonova , Barry J. Devereux , Georgios Karakonstantis , Lev Mukhanov

Brain computer interface (BCI) is the only way for some special patients to communicate with the outside world and provide a direct control channel between brain and the external devices. As a non-invasive interface, the scalp…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-08-15 Chuanqi Tan , Fuchun Sun , Wenchang Zhang , Shaobo Liu , Chunfang Liu

Detailed exploration on Brain Computer Interface (BCI) and its recent trends has been done in this paper. Work is being done to identify objects, images, videos and their color compositions. Efforts are on the way in understanding speech,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2012-11-13 T. Kameswara Rao , M. Rajya Lakshmi , T. V. Prasad

The ageing process may lead to cognitive and physical impairments, which may affect elderly everyday life. In recent years, the use of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Electroencephalography (EEG) has revealed to be particularly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-28 Aurora Saibene , Francesca Gasparini , Jordi Solé-Casals

The key to electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) lies in neural decoding, and its accuracy can be improved by using hybrid BCI paradigms, that is, fusing multiple paradigms. However, hybrid BCIs usually require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Wenwei Luo , Wanguang Yin , Quanying Liu , Youzhi Qu

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system provides a pathway between humans and the outside world by analyzing brain signals which contain potential neural information. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of most commonly used brain signals and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-07 Xian-Rui Zhang , Meng-Ying Lei , Yang Li

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a pathway to restore communication for individuals with severe motor or speech impairments. Imagined handwriting provides an intuitive paradigm for character-level neural decoding, bridging the gap…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Ovishake Sen , Raghav Soni , Darpan Virmani , Akshar Parekh , Patrick Lehman , Sarthak Jena , Adithi Katikhaneni , Adam Khalifa , Baibhab Chatterjee

Robust decoding and classification of brain patterns measured with electroencephalography (EEG) remains a major challenge for real-world (i.e. outside scientific lab and medical facilities) brain-computer interface (BCI) applications due to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-03 Paul Barbaste , Olivier Oullier , Xavier Vasques
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