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Federated fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs) faces significant challenges due to the heavy communication overhead of transmitting large model updates. Although Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has been proposed as a solution, yet its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jabin Koo , Minwoo Jang , Jungseul Ok

Vision Language Models (VLMs) integrate visual and text modalities to enable multimodal understanding and generation. These models typically combine a Vision Transformer (ViT) as an image encoder and a Large Language Model (LLM) for text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Krishna Teja Chitty-Venkata , Murali Emani , Venkatram Vishwanath

Foundation models open up new possibilities for the use of AI in healthcare. However, even when pre-trained on health data, they still need to be fine-tuned for specific downstream tasks. Furthermore, although foundation models reduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Adam Tupper , Christian Gagné

Federated LoRA has emerged as a promising technique for efficiently fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on distributed devices by reducing the number of trainable parameters. However, existing approaches often inadequately overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yanzhao Hou , Jiaxiang Geng , Boyu Li , Xiaofeng Tao , Juncheng Wang , Xiaodong Xu , Bing Luo

Federated prompt learning benefits federated learning with CLIP-like Vision-Language Model's (VLM's) robust representation learning ability through prompt learning. However, current federated prompt learning methods are habitually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jun Luo , Chen Chen , Shandong Wu

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising privacy-aware distributed learning framework that can be deployed on various devices, such as mobile phones, desktops, and devices equipped with CPUs or GPUs. In the context of server-based Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Shuaijun Chen , Omid Tavallaie , Niousha Nazemi , Albert Y. Zomaya

As a popular paradigm of distributed learning, personalized federated learning (PFL) allows personalized models to improve generalization ability and robustness by utilizing knowledge from all distributed clients. Most existing PFL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Guanghao Li , Wansen Wu , Yan Sun , Li Shen , Baoyuan Wu , Dacheng Tao

Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is obstructed by a trilemma of challenges: protecting LLMs intellectual property (IP), ensuring client privacy, and mitigating performance loss on heterogeneous data. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized clients without sharing local data, but is challenged by heterogeneity in data, computation, and communication. Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs), with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Yuguang Zhang , Kuangpu Guo , Zhihe Lu , Yunbo Wang , Jian Liang

Federated Learning (FL) is a recent model training paradigm in which client devices collaboratively train a model without ever aggregating their data. Crucially, this scheme offers users potential privacy and security benefits by only ever…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Raja Vavekanand , Kira Sam

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have broad potential in privacy-sensitive domains such as healthcare and finance, yet strict data-sharing constraints render centralized training infeasible. Federated Learning mitigates this issue by enabling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shule Lu , Yujing Wang , Hainan Zhang , Xiaoshan Yang , Hongwei Zheng , Yongxin Tong , Changsheng Xu , Zhiming Zheng

As a novel distributed learning paradigm, federated learning (FL) faces serious challenges in dealing with massive clients with heterogeneous data distribution and computation and communication resources. Various client-variance-reduction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Shuai Wang , Yanqing Xu , Zhiguo Wang , Tsung-Hui Chang , Tony Q. S. Quek , Defeng Sun

Federated low-rank adaptation (FedLoRA) has facilitated communication-efficient and privacy-preserving fine-tuning of foundation models for downstream tasks. In practical federated learning scenarios, client heterogeneity in system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Fei Wu , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Shiqiang Wang

To address data locality and privacy restrictions, Federated Learning (FL) has recently been adopted to fine-tune large language models (LLMs), enabling improved performance on various downstream tasks without requiring aggregated data.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Han Liu , Ruoyao Wen , Srijith Nair , Jia Liu , Wenjing Lou , Chongjie Zhang , William Yeoh , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Ning Zhang

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have undergone significant advancements, particularly with the emergence of mobile-oriented VLMs, which offer a wide range of application scenarios. However, the substantial computational requirements for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yuanhao Xi , Xiaohuan Bing , Ramin Yahyapour

As AI becomes more personal, e.g., Agentic AI, there is an increasing need for personalizing models for various use cases. Personalized federated learning (PFL) enables each client to collaboratively leverage other clients' knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Minhyuk Seo , Taeheon Kim , Hankook Lee , Jonghyun Choi , Tinne Tuytelaars

As the adoption of large language models increases and the need for per-user or per-task model customization grows, the parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and its variants, incur substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yang Li , Shaobo Han , Shihao Ji

As the large language models (LLMs) grow in size each day, efficient training and fine-tuning has never been as important as nowadays. This resulted in the great interest in parameter efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), and effective methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Dhananjaya Gowda , Seoha Song , Junhyun Lee , Harshith Goka

Previous studies on federated learning (FL) often encounter performance degradation due to data heterogeneity among different clients. In light of the recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4v and LLaVA,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jianyi Zhang , Hao Frank Yang , Ang Li , Xin Guo , Pu Wang , Haiming Wang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Personalized federated learning (PFL) jointly trains a variety of local models through balancing between knowledge sharing across clients and model personalization per client. This paper addresses PFL via explicit disentangling latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Peng Yan , Guodong Long
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