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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) perform well on many vision-language tasks but often struggle with vision-centric problems that require fine-grained visual reasoning. Recent evidence suggests that this limitation arises not from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sophia Sirko-Galouchenko , Monika Wysoczanska , Andrei Bursuc , Nicolas Thome , Spyros Gidaris

Contrastive Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong zero-shot capabilities. However, their cross-modal alignment remains biased toward English due to limited multilingual multimodal data. Recent multilingual extensions have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Junwon You , Dasol Kang , Jae-Hun Jung

Conventional multimodal recommender systems predominantly leverage Bayesian Personalized Ranking (BPR) optimization to learn item representations by amalgamating item identity (ID) embeddings with multimodal features. Nevertheless, our…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xin Zhou , Xiaoxiong Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Zhiqi Shen

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) models have sparked interest in their deployment on edge devices, yet challenges in handling diverse visual modalities, manual annotation, and computational constraints remain. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Kaiwen Cai , Zhekai Duan , Gaowen Liu , Charles Fleming , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu

This study evaluates the effectiveness of Vision Language Models (VLMs) in representing and utilizing multimodal content for fact-checking. To be more specific, we investigate whether incorporating multimodal content improves performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Recep Firat Cekinel , Pinar Karagoz , Cagri Coltekin

In federated learning, textual prompt tuning adapts Vision-Language Models (e.g., CLIP) by tuning lightweight input tokens (or prompts) on local client data, while keeping network weights frozen. After training, only the prompts are shared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mainak Singha , Subhankar Roy , Sarthak Mehrotra , Ankit Jha , Moloud Abdar , Biplab Banerjee , Elisa Ricci

Prompt learning has become a dominant paradigm for adapting vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP to downstream tasks without modifying pretrained weights. While extending prompts to both vision and text encoders across multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Sajjad Ghiasvand , Haniyeh Ehsani Oskouie , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Ramtin Pedarsani

Item information, such as titles and attributes, is essential for effective user engagement in e-commerce. However, manual or semi-manual entry of structured item specifics often produces inconsistent quality, errors, and slow turnaround,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yipeng Zhang , Hongju Yu , Aritra Mandal , Canran Xu , Qunzhi Zhou , Zhe Wu

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models like CLIP have significantly advanced Remote Sensing Image-Text Retrieval (RSITR). However, existing methods predominantly rely on coarse-grained global alignment, which often overlooks the dense,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yifan Li , Shiying Wang , Jianqiang Huang

Achieving better alignment between vision embeddings and Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing the abilities of Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), particularly for recent models that rely on powerful pretrained vision encoders and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jiachen Jiang , Jinxin Zhou , Bo Peng , Xia Ning , Zhihui Zhu

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has accelerated the emergence of in-context learning (ICL) as a cutting-edge approach in the natural language processing domain. Recently, ICL has been employed in visual understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Dianmo Sheng , Dongdong Chen , Zhentao Tan , Qiankun Liu , Qi Chu , Jianmin Bao , Tao Gong , Bin Liu , Shengwei Xu , Nenghai Yu

Mainstream Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve visual understanding by using a vision projector to bridge well-pretrained vision encoders and large language models (LLMs). The inherent gap between visual and textual modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jianting Tang , Yubo Wang , Haoyu Cao , Linli Xu

Multimodal item embeddings are crucial for e-commerce item-to-item (I2I) retrieval, yet real-world product images often contain promotional overlays and background clutter that inject spurious visual cues and degrade retrieval robustness.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yufei Guo , Jing Ma , Tianlu Zhang , Shijie Yang , Yanlong Zang , Weijie Ding , Pinghua Gong , Jungong Han

Recently, vision-language models like CLIP have advanced the state of the art in a variety of multi-modal tasks including image captioning and caption evaluation. Many approaches leverage CLIP for cross-modal retrieval to condition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Fabian Paischer , Markus Hofmarcher , Sepp Hochreiter , Thomas Adler

Cross-modal alignment is essential for vision-language pre-training (VLP) models to learn the correct corresponding information across different modalities. For this purpose, inspired by the success of masked language modeling (MLM) tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Yatai Ji , Rongcheng Tu , Jie Jiang , Weijie Kong , Chengfei Cai , Wenzhe Zhao , Hongfa Wang , Yujiu Yang , Wei Liu

The architecture of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) commonly connects a vision encoder, often based on CLIP-ViT, to a large language model. While CLIP-ViT works well for capturing global image features, it struggles to model local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haoran Lou , Chunxiao Fan , Ziyan Liu , Yuexin Wu , Xinliang Wang

Achieving human-like reasoning in deep learning models for complex tasks in unknown environments remains a critical challenge in embodied intelligence. While advanced vision-language models (VLMs) excel in static scene understanding, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinzhou Tang , Jusheng zhang , Sidi Liu , Waikit Xiu , Qinhan Lv , Xiying Li

Many image restoration (IR) tasks require both pixel-level fidelity and high-level semantic understanding to recover realistic photos with fine-grained details. However, previous approaches often struggle to effectively leverage both the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Cuixin Yang , Rongkang Dong , Kin-Man Lam

Does seeing always mean knowing? Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) integrate separately pre-trained vision and language components, often using CLIP-ViT as vision backbone. However, these models frequently encounter a core issue of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yaqi Zhao , Yuanyang Yin , Lin Li , Mingan Lin , Victor Shea-Jay Huang , Siwei Chen , Weipeng Chen , Baoqun Yin , Zenan Zhou , Wentao Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved significant progress in image and language tasks due to the strong reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs). Nevertheless, most MLLMs suffer from limited spatial reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jiajie Guo , Qingpeng Zhu , Jin Zeng , Xiaolong Wu , Changyong He , Weida Wang