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This study evaluates two leading approaches for teaching construction robots new skills to understand their applicability for construction automation: a Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model and Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods. The goal is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhaofeng Hu , Hongrui Yu , Vaidhyanathan Chandramouli , Ci-Jyun Liang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a popular paradigm for learning robot manipulation policies that can follow language instructions and generalize to novel scenarios. Recent works have begun to explore the incorporation of…

Despite their strong performance in embodied tasks, recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models remain highly fragile under multimodal perturbations, where visual corruption and linguistic noise jointly induce distribution shifts that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuhan Xie , Yuping Yan , Yunqi Zhao , Handing Wang , Yaochu Jin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for robot learning by integrating visual perception with language-guided policy learning. However, most existing approaches rely on 2D visual inputs to perform actions in 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yicheng Feng , Wanpeng Zhang , Ye Wang , Hao Luo , Haoqi Yuan , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

Vision-Language Action (VLA) models significantly advance robotic manipulation by leveraging the strong perception capabilities of pretrained vision-language models (VLMs). By integrating action modules into these pretrained models, VLA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Shaoqi Dong , Chaoyou Fu , Haihan Gao , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chi Yan , Chu Wu , Xiaoyu Liu , Yunhang Shen , Jing Huo , Deqiang Jiang , Haoyu Cao , Yang Gao , Xing Sun , Ran He , Caifeng Shan

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) hold immense promise for enabling generalist robot manipulation. However, the best way to build them remains an open question. Current approaches often add complexity, such as modifying the existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ankit Goyal , Hugo Hadfield , Xuning Yang , Valts Blukis , Fabio Ramos

Current research on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly focuses on enhancing generalization through established reasoning techniques. While effective, these improvements invariably increase computational complexity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

The emergence of Vision Language Action (VLA) models marks a paradigm shift from traditional policy-based control to generalized robotics, reframing Vision Language Models (VLMs) from passive sequence generators into active agents for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dapeng Zhang , Jing Sun , Chenghui Hu , Xiaoyan Wu , Zhenlong Yuan , Rui Zhou , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are driving rapid progress in robotics by enabling agents to interpret multimodal inputs and execute complex, long-horizon tasks. However, their safety and robustness against adversarial attacks remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Xin Wang , Jie Li , Zejia Weng , Yixu Wang , Yifeng Gao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang , Zuxuan Wu , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large vision and language models show strong performance in tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and retrieval. However, challenges remain in integrating speech, text, and vision into a unified model, especially for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ngoc Dung Huynh , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Imran Razzak , Hakim Hacid , Sunil Aryal

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promising ability in language-guided robotic tasks. However, making VLA policies reliable remains challenging, because a manipulation task is completed through closed-loop interaction, where each…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Peizheng Guo , Jingyao Wang , Changwen Zheng , Wenwen Qiang

Large-scale generative models are shown to be useful for sampling meaningful candidate solutions, yet they often overlook task constraints and user preferences. Their full power is better harnessed when the models are coupled with external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Lin Guan , Yifan Zhou , Denis Liu , Yantian Zha , Heni Ben Amor , Subbarao Kambhampati

Vision-language-action (VLA) models can enable broad open world generalization, but require large and diverse datasets. It is appealing to consider whether some of this data can come from human videos, which cover diverse real-world…

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have shown potential in leveraging pretrained vision-language models and diverse robot demonstrations for learning generalizable sensorimotor control. While this paradigm effectively utilizes large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Qingqing Zhao , Yao Lu , Moo Jin Kim , Zipeng Fu , Zhuoyang Zhang , Yecheng Wu , Zhaoshuo Li , Qianli Ma , Song Han , Chelsea Finn , Ankur Handa , Ming-Yu Liu , Donglai Xiang , Gordon Wetzstein , Tsung-Yi Lin

Magnetically actuated microrobots have been used as wireless, non-contact manipulation tools at microscales, making them promising for minimally invasive applications. However, their control remains challenging due to indirect actuation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yongchen Wang , Kangyi Lu , Lan Wei , Dandan Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, which integrate pretrained large Vision-Language Models (VLM) into their policy backbone, are gaining significant attention for their promising generalization capabilities. This paper revisits a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jianke Zhang , Xiaoyu Chen , Qiuyue Wang , Mingsheng Li , Yanjiang Guo , Yucheng Hu , Jiajun Zhang , Shuai Bai , Junyang Lin , Jianyu Chen

While large vision-language-action (VLA) models and generative world models (WM) have advanced long-horizon embodied intelligence, their practical deployment remains challenged by uncertainty in learning-based action generation. Low-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhen Sun , Yongjian Guo , Haoran Sun , Luqiao Wang , Wei Lu , Jiachi Ji , Shengzhe Ji , Junwu Xiong , Zhijun Meng

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable robots to interpret natural-language instructions and perform diverse tasks, yet their integration of perception, language, and control introduces new safety vulnerabilities. Despite growing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiayu Li , Yunhan Zhao , Xiang Zheng , Zonghuan Xu , Yige Li , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models report impressive success rates on standard robotic benchmarks, fueling optimism about general-purpose physical intelligence. However, recent evidence suggests a systematic misalignment between…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haiweng Xu , Sipeng Zheng , Hao Luo , Wanpeng Zhang , Ziheng Xi , Zongqing Lu

The rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLM) has paved the way for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) paradigms, which integrate visual perception, natural language understanding, and control within a single policy. Researchers…