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Time series (TS) data are ubiquitous across various application areas, rendering time series forecasting (TSF) a fundamental task. With the astounding advances in large language models (LLMs), a variety of methods have been developed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Zhuomin Chen , Dan Li , Jiahui Zhou , Shunyu Wu , Haozheng Ye , Jian Lou , See-Kiong Ng

This paper introduces FANTF (Fuzzy Attention Network-Based Transformers), a novel approach that integrates fuzzy logic with existing transformer architectures to advance time series forecasting, classification, and anomaly detection tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Sanjay Chakraborty , Fredrik Heintz

The causal capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are a matter of significant debate, with critical implications for the use of LLMs in societally impactful domains such as medicine, science, law, and policy. We conduct a "behavorial"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Emre Kıcıman , Robert Ness , Amit Sharma , Chenhao Tan

Generative Models (GMs), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), have garnered significant attention in machine learning and artificial intelligence for their ability to generate new data by learning the statistical properties of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hailong Yang , Zhaohong Deng , Wei Zhang , Zhuangzhuang Zhao , Guanjin Wang , Kup-sze Choi

Time series forecasting in specialized domains is often constrained by limited data availability, where conventional models typically require large-scale datasets to effectively capture underlying temporal dynamics. To tackle this few-shot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Haonan Shi , Dehua Shuai , Liming Wang , Xiyang Liu , Long Tian

Understanding and modeling collective intelligence is essential for addressing complex social systems. Directed graphs called fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) offer a powerful tool for encoding causal mental models, but extracting high-integrity…

Large language models (LLMs) are being applied to time series forecasting. But are language models actually useful for time series? In a series of ablation studies on three recent and popular LLM-based time series forecasting methods, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mingtian Tan , Mike A. Merrill , Vinayak Gupta , Tim Althoff , Thomas Hartvigsen

Given the significant potential of large language models (LLMs) in sequence modeling, emerging studies have begun applying them to time-series forecasting. Despite notable progress, existing methods still face two critical challenges: 1)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Pengfei Wang , Huanran Zheng , Qi'ao Xu , Silong Dai , Yiqiao Wang , Wenjing Yue , Wei Zhu , Tianwen Qian , Xiaoling Wang

Recent advances have investigated the use of pretrained large language models (LLMs) for time-series forecasting by aligning numerical inputs with LLM embedding spaces. However, existing multimodal approaches often overlook the distinct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Suchan Lee , Jihoon Choi , Sohyeon Lee , Minseok Song , Bong-Gyu Jang , Hwanjo Yu , Soyeon Caren Han

The widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs) has motivated a growing interest in their capacity for processing dynamic graphs. Temporal motifs, as an elementary unit and important local property of dynamic graphs which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bing Hao , Minglai Shao , Zengyi Wo , Yunlong Chu , Yuhang Liu , Ruijie Wang

In this paper, we aim to develop a large language model (LLM) with the reasoning ability on complex graph data. Currently, LLMs have achieved very impressive performance on various natural language learning tasks, extensions of which have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Jiawei Zhang

Many real-world ubiquitous applications, such as parking recommendations and air pollution monitoring, benefit significantly from accurate long-term spatio-temporal forecasting (LSTF). LSTF makes use of long-term dependency between spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Wei Shao , Zhiling Jin , Shuo Wang , Yufan Kang , Xiao Xiao , Hamid Menouar , Zhaofeng Zhang , Junshan Zhang , Flora Salim

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) reasoning that forecasts future events based on historical snapshots distributed over timestamps is denoted as extrapolation and has gained significant attention. Owing to its extreme versatility and variation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Jinchuan Zhang , Bei Hui , Chong Mu , Ling Tian

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced their performance by enabling in-depth understanding of diverse tasks. With growing interest in applying LLMs to the time series domain, this has proven…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiahui Zhou , Dan Li , Lin Li , Zhuomin Chen , Shunyu Wu , Haozheng Ye , Jian Lou , Costas J. Spanos

Recent studies have attempted to refine the Transformer architecture to demonstrate its effectiveness in Long-Term Time Series Forecasting (LTSF) tasks. Despite surpassing many linear forecasting models with ever-improving performance, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Peiwang Tang , Weitai Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in time series analysis and seems to understand the time temporal relationship well than traditional transformer-based approaches. However, since LLMs are not designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Liangwei Nathan Zheng , Chang George Dong , Wei Emma Zhang , Lin Yue , Miao Xu , Olaf Maennel , Weitong Chen

We introduce a novel framework to financial time series forecasting that leverages causality-inspired models to balance the trade-off between invariance to distributional changes and minimization of prediction errors. To the best of our…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-20 Daniel Cunha Oliveira , Yutong Lu , Xi Lin , Mihai Cucuringu , Andre Fujita

In this study, we present aLLM4TS, an innovative framework that adapts Large Language Models (LLMs) for time-series representation learning. Central to our approach is that we reconceive time-series forecasting as a self-supervised,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yuxuan Bian , Xuan Ju , Jiangtong Li , Zhijian Xu , Dawei Cheng , Qiang Xu

An emerging topic in large language models (LLMs) is their application to time series forecasting, characterizing mainstream and patternable characteristics of time series. A relevant but rarely explored and more challenging question is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Manqing Dong , Hao Huang , Longbing Cao

Tensor time series (TTS) data, a generalization of one-dimensional time series on a high-dimensional space, is ubiquitous in real-world scenarios, especially in monitoring systems involving multi-source spatio-temporal data (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jiewen Deng , Jinliang Deng , Renhe Jiang , Xuan Song
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