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Speech large language models (LLMs) observe paralinguistic cues such as prosody, emotion, and non-verbal sounds--crucial for intent understanding. However, leveraging these cues faces challenges: limited training data, annotation…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities, they still struggle with generating factually incorrect content (i.e., hallucinations). A promising approach to mitigate this issue is enabling models to express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ruihan Yang , Caiqi Zhang , Zhisong Zhang , Xinting Huang , Sen Yang , Nigel Collier , Dong Yu , Deqing Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit knowledge disparities across languages. Encouraging LLMs to \textit{abstain} when faced with knowledge gaps is a promising strategy to reduce hallucinations in multilingual settings. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yuxi Sun , Aoqi Zuo , Wei Gao , Jing Ma

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a main technique for alleviating hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). Despite the integration of RAG, LLMs may still present unsupported or contradictory claims to the retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Cheng Niu , Yuanhao Wu , Juno Zhu , Siliang Xu , Kashun Shum , Randy Zhong , Juntong Song , Tong Zhang

Understanding user queries is fundamental in many applications, such as home assistants, booking systems, or recommendations. Accordingly, it is crucial to develop accurate Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) approaches to ensure the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Pierre Lepagnol , Sahar Ghannay , Thomas Gerald , Christophe Servan , Sophie Rosset

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) based on Large Language Models (LLMs) need to constantly be aligned to the user preferences to provide satisfying and context-relevant item recommendations. The traditional supervised fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Zhongheng Yang , Aijia Sun , Yushang Zhao , Yinuo Yang , Dannier Li , Chengrui Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in open-ended generation tasks. However, they often struggle to adapt content to users with differing cognitive capacities, leading to a phenomenon we term cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Qingsong Wang , Tao Wu , Wang Lin , Yueying Feng , Gongsheng Yuan , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced intelligent systems. Unfortunately, LLMs often face knowledge conflicts between internal memory and retrieved external information, arising from misinformation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiatai Wang , Zhiwei Xu , Di Jin , Xuewen Yang , Tao Li

Despite the outstanding performance of large language models (LLMs) across various NLP tasks, hallucinations in LLMs--where LLMs generate inaccurate responses--remains as a critical problem as it can be directly connected to a crisis of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Minsuh Joo , Hyunsoo Cho

Recent research in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has concentrated on retrieving useful information from candidate documents. However, numerous methodologies frequently neglect the calibration capabilities of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Guanhua Chen , Yutong Yao , Lidia S. Chao , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized how users access information, shifting from traditional search engines to direct question-and-answer interactions with LLMs. However, the widespread adoption of LLMs has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Weihang Su , Yichen Tang , Qingyao Ai , Changyue Wang , Zhijing Wu , Yiqun Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown superior performance without task-specific fine-tuning. Despite the success, the knowledge stored in the parameters of LLMs could still be incomplete and difficult to update due to the computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yile Wang , Peng Li , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

We present an automatic large language model (LLM) conversion approach that produces uncertainty-aware LLMs capable of estimating uncertainty with every prediction. Our approach is model- and data-agnostic, is computationally-efficient, and…

Large language models (LLMs) have a wealth of knowledge that allows them to excel in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Current research focuses on enhancing their performance within their existing knowledge. Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Zhangyue Yin , Qiushi Sun , Qipeng Guo , Jiawen Wu , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have been significantly improved by instruction fine-tuning, but still lack transparency and the ability to utilize up-to-date knowledge and information. In this work, we propose search-augmented instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Hongyin Luo , Yung-Sung Chuang , Yuan Gong , Tianhua Zhang , Yoon Kim , Xixin Wu , Danny Fox , Helen Meng , James Glass

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to hallucinate and generate non-factual outputs which can undermine user trust. Traditional methods to directly mitigate hallucinations, such as representation editing and contrastive decoding, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Prasenjit Dey , Srujana Merugu , Sivaramakrishnan Kaveri

Modern recommender systems face a critical challenge in complying with privacy regulations like the 'right to be forgotten': removing a user's data without disrupting recommendations for others. Traditional unlearning methods address this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haichao Zhang , Chong Zhang , Peiyu Hu , Shi Qiu , Jia Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great potential in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, recent literature reveals that LLMs generate nonfactual responses intermittently, which impedes the LLMs' reliability for further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yukun Zhao , Lingyong Yan , Weiwei Sun , Guoliang Xing , Chong Meng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Zhicong Cheng , Zhaochun Ren , Dawei Yin

Large language models (LLMs) rarely admit uncertainty, often producing fluent but misleading answers, rather than abstaining (i.e., refusing to answer). This weakness is even evident in temporal question answering, where models frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Xinyu Zhou , Chang Jin , Carsten Eickhoff , Zhijiang Guo , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Despite their vast capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with generating reliable outputs, frequently producing high-confidence inaccuracies known as hallucinations. Addressing this challenge, our research introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Mohammad Beigi , Ying Shen , Runing Yang , Zihao Lin , Qifan Wang , Ankith Mohan , Jianfeng He , Ming Jin , Chang-Tien Lu , Lifu Huang