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We investigate the probability that a random odd composite number passes a random Fermat primality test, improving on earlier estimates in moderate ranges. For example, with random numbers to $2^{200}$, our results improve on prior…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-08 Jared D. Lichtman , Carl Pomerance

We randomly construct various subsets $\Lambda$ of the integers which have both smallness and largeness properties. They are small since they are very close, in various meanings, to Sidon sets: the continuous functions with spectrum in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-12-22 Daniel Li , Hervé Queffélec , Luis Rodriguez-Piazza

Heap monoids equipped with Bernoulli measures are a model of probabilistic asynchronous systems. We introduce in this framework the notion of asynchronous stopping time, which is analogous to the notion of stopping time for classical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-21 Samy Abbes

A stochastic algorithm is proposed, finding some elements from the set of intrinsic $p$-mean(s) associated to a probability measure $\nu$ on a compact Riemannian manifold and to $p\in[1,\infty)$. It is fed sequentially with independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-24 Marc Arnaudon , Laurent Miclo

We show that recent multivariate generalizations of the Araki-Lieb-Thirring inequality and the Golden-Thompson inequality [Sutter, Berta, and Tomamichel, Comm. Math. Phys. (2016)] for Schatten norms hold more generally for all unitarily…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-12-12 Fumio Hiai , Robert Koenig , Marco Tomamichel

We prove a Leibniz-type inequality for the spread of random variables in terms of their $L_p$-norms. The result is motivated by the Kato-Ponce inequalities and Rieffel's strong Leibniz property.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-05-09 Zoltan Leka

Classical results of Bennett and Gill (1981) show that with probability 1, $P^A \neq NP^A$ relative to a random oracle $A$, and with probability 1, $P^\pi \neq NP^\pi \cap coNP^\pi$ relative to a random permutation $\pi$. Whether $P^A =…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-13 John M. Hitchcock , Adewale Sekoni , Hadi Shafei

We propose a generalisation of Gibbs' statistical mechanics into the domain of non-negligible phase space correlations. Derived are the probability distribution and entropy as a generalised ensemble average, replacing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-09-10 R. A. Treumann , W. Baumjohann

Coefficients in the expansions of the form $\partial P_{n}(\lambda;z)}/\partial\lambda=\sum_{k=0}^{n}a_{nk}(\lambda)P_{k}(\lambda;z)$, where $P_{n}(\lambda;z)$ is the $n$th classical (the generalized Laguerre, Gegenbauer or Jacobi)…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-11-17 Radoslaw Szmytkowski

Given a strong limit cardinal $\lambda$ of countable cofinality, we show that if every $\lambda$-coanalytic subset of the generalised Cantor space ${}^{\lambda}2$ has the $\lambda$-$\mathsf{PSP}$, then there is an inner model with…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Fernando Barrera , Vincenzo Dimonte , Sandra Müller

We extend a randomisation method, introduced by Shiffman-Zelditch and developed by Burq-Lebeau on compact manifolds for the Laplace operator, to the case of $\mathbb{R}^d$ with the harmonic oscillator. We construct measures, thanks to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-12-17 Aurélien Poiret , Didier Robert , Laurent Thomann

In this paper we study the (strong) Leibniz property of centered moments of bounded random variables. We shall answer a question raised by M. Rieffel on the non-commutative standard deviation.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-10 Adam Besenyei , Zoltan Leka

On a generic metric measured space, we introduce a notion of improved concentration of measure that takes into account the parallel enlargement of k distinct sets. We show that the k-th eigenvalues of the metric Laplacian gives exponential…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-30 Nathaël Gozlan , Ronan Herry

As more of topology's tools become popular in analyzing high dimensional data sets, the goal of understanding the underlying probabilistic properties of these tools becomes even more important. While much attention has been given to…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-08-07 Matthew Zabka

We consider random operators $\Omega \to \mathcal{L}(\ell_p, \ell_p)$ for some $1 \leqslant p < \infty$. The law of large numbers is known in the case $p=2$ in the form of usual law of large numbers. Instead of sum of i.i.d. variables there…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-11 S. Dzhenzher , V. Sakbaev

Using a probabilistic approach, we derive some interesting combinatorial identities involving gamma and beta functions. These results generalize certain well-known combinatorial identities involving binomial coefficients and special…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Palaniappan Vellaisamy , Puja Pandey

Let $\nu_\lambda^p$ be the distribution of the random series $\sum_{n=1}^\infty i_n \lambda^n$, where $i_n$ is a sequence of i.i.d. random variables taking the values 0,1 with probabilities $p,1-p$. These measures are the well-known…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-05-20 Thomas Jordan , Pablo Shmerkin , Boris Solomyak

We develop a general multivariate aggregation property which encompasses the distinct versions of the property that were introduced by Neuberger [2012] and Bondarenko [2014] independently. This way, we classify new types of model-free…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-09-26 Carol Alexander , Johannes Rauch

We exhibit a change of variables that maintains the Mahler measure of a given polynomial. This method leads to the construction of highly non-trivial polynomials with given Mahler measure and settles some conjectural numerical formulas due…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-02 Matilde Lalín , Siva Sankar Nair

We give a domination condition implying good-$\lambda$ and exponential inequalities for couples of measurable functions. Those inequalities recover several classical and new estimations involving some operators in Harminic Analysis. Among…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-06-03 Grigori A. Karagulyan