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Related papers: The GHOSDT Simulations: II. Missing H$_2$ in Simul…

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We use a suite of hydrodynamics simulations of the interstellar medium (ISM) within a galactic disk, which include radiative transfer, a non-equilibrium model of molecular hydrogen, and a realistic model for star formation and feedback, to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-07 Ava Polzin , Andrey V. Kravtsov , Vadim A. Semenov , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

Condensation of H 2 in the interstellar medium (ISM) has long been seen as a possibility, either by deposition on dust grains or thanks to a phase transition combined with self-gravity. H 2 condensation might explain the observed low…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-06 Andreas Füglistaler , Daniel Pfenniger

The formation of molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) and carbon monoxide (CO) is sensitive to the volume and column density distribution of the turbulent interstellar medium. In this paper, we study H$_2$ and CO formation in a large set of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-23 P. R. Joshi , S. Walch , D. Seifried , S. C. O. Glover , S. D. Clarke , M. Weis

In this paper, we investigate the conditions for the HI-to-H$_{2}$ transition in the solar neighborhood by analyzing HI emission and absorption measurements toward 58 Galactic lines of sight (LOSs) along with $^{12}$CO(1$-$0) (CO) and dust…

We present three-dimensional astrochemical simulations and synthetic observations of magnetised, turbulent, self-gravitating molecular clouds. We explore various galactic interstellar medium environments, including cosmic-ray ionization…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-20 Thomas G. Bisbas , Jonathan C. Tan , Kei E. I. Tanaka

We revisit the mass ratio Rmol between molecular hydrogen (H2) and atomic hydrogen (HI) in different galaxies from a phenomenological and theoretical viewpoint. First, the local H2-mass function (MF) is estimated from the local…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-07-17 D. Obreschkow , S. Rawlings

In this study, we present a suite of high-resolution numerical simulations of an isolated galaxy to test a sub-grid framework to consistently follow the formation and dissociation of H$_2$ with non-equilibrium chemistry. The latter is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-27 Alessandro Lupi , Stefano Bovino , Pedro R. Capelo , Marta Volonteri , Joseph Silk

We introduce a sub-grid model for the non-equilibrium abundance of molecular hydrogen in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. We improve upon previous work by accounting for the unresolved structure of molecular clouds in a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Matteo Tomassetti , Cristiano Porciani , Emilio Romano-Diaz , Aaron D. Ludlow

We study the metallicity dependence of the H/H$_2$ and C$^+$/C/CO distributions in a self-regulated interstellar medium (ISM) across a broad range of metallicities ($0.1 < Z/Z_\odot < 3$). To this end, we conduct high-resolution (particle…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-20 Chia-Yu Hu , Amiel Sternberg , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

We present numerical computations and analysis of atomic to molecular (HI-to-H$_2$) transitions in cool ($\sim$100 K) low-metallicity dust-free (primordial) gas, in which molecule formation occurs via cosmic-ray driven negative ion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-10-27 Amiel Sternberg , Alon Gurman , Shmuel Bialy

Observations of spiral galaxies show a strong linear correlation between the ratio of molecular to atomic hydrogen surface density R_mol and midplane pressure. To explain this, we simulate three-dimensional, magnetized turbulence, including…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Simon C. O. Glover

Molecular hydrogen (H2) is the primary component of the reservoirs of cold, dense gas that fuel star formation in our galaxy. While the H2 abundance is ultimately regulated by physical processes operating on small scales in the interstellar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Robert Feldmann , Jose Hernandez , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We present a novel framework to self-consistently model the effects of radiation fields, dust physics and molecular chemistry (H$_2$) in the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. The model combines a state-of-the-art radiation…

Galaxies at redshift $z\sim 1-2$ display high star formation rates (SFRs) with elevated cold gas fractions and column densities. Simulating a self-regulated ISM in a hydrodynamical, self-consistent context, has proven challenging due to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-04 Alon Gurman , Ulrich P. Steinwandel , Chia-Yu Hu , Amiel Sterberg

Modelling the molecular gas that is routinely detected through CO observations of high-redshift galaxies constitutes a major challenge for ab initio simulations of galaxy formation. We carry out a suite of cosmological hydrodynamic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-09-04 Alexander Schäbe , Emilio Romano-Díaz , Cristiano Porciani , Aaron D. Ludlow , Matteo Tomassetti

We present models of the evolution of the gaseous and stellar content of galaxies incorporating the formation of H_2 out of HI gas as part of such a model. We do so by formulating a subgrid model for gas clouds that uses well-known cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 F. I. Pelupessy , P. P. Papadopoulos , P. P. van der Werf

We present a semi-analytical description of the relative HD/H2 abundance in the diffuse interstellar medium. We found three asymptotics of the relative HD/H$_2$ abundance for different parts of the medium and their dependence on the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-15 S. A. Balashev , D. N. Kosenko

We study the CO(1-0)-to-H$_2$ conversion factor ($X_{\rm CO}$) and the line ratio of CO(2-1)-to-CO(1-0) ($R_{21}$) across a wide range of metallicity ($0.1 \leq Z/Z_\odot \leq 3$) in high-resolution (~0.2 pc) hydrodynamical simulations of a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-01 Chia-Yu Hu , Andreas Schruba , Amiel Sternberg , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

The [CII] 157.74 $\mu$m fine structure transition is one of the brightest and most well-studied emission lines in the far-infrared (FIR), produced in the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. We study its properties in sub-pc resolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-05 Alon Gurman , Chia-Yu Hu , Amiel Sternberg , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

Nearby dwarf irregular galaxies are ideal laboratories for studying the interstellar medium (ISM) at low metallicity, which is expected to be common for galaxies at very high redshift being observed by the James Webb Space Telescope. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-02 Chia-Yu Hu , Amiel Sternberg , Ewine F. van Dishoeck
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