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Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) are an integral part of modern AI that have led to breakthrough performances in complex AI tasks. Major AI companies with expensive infrastructures are able to develop and train these large models…

Privacy and security have rapidly emerged as first order design constraints. Users now demand more protection over who can see their data (confidentiality) as well as how it is used (control). Here, existing cryptographic techniques for…

Current orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithms calculate the correlation between two vectors using the inner product operation and minimize the mean square error, which are both suboptimal when there are non-Gaussian noises or…

While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Trusted processors provide a way to perform joint computations while preserving data privacy. To overcome the performance degradation caused by data-oblivious algorithms to prevent information leakage, we explore the benefits of oblivious…

Privacy-Preserving ML (PPML) based on Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is a promising foundational privacy technology. Making it more practical requires lowering its computational cost, especially, in handling modern large deep neural networks.…

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into decentralized physical infrastructure networks (DePIN) is currently bottlenecked by the Verifiability Trilemma, which posits that a decentralized inference system cannot…

The majority of IoT devices like smartwatches, smart plugs, HVAC controllers, etc., are powered by hardware with a constrained specification (low memory, clock speed and processor) which is insufficient to accommodate and execute large,…

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on diverse NLP tasks through pre-training and fine-tuning. However, fine-tuning the model with a large number of parameters on limited downstream datasets often leads…

The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is becoming a critical infrastructure for ocean observation, marine resource management, and climate science. Its development is hindered by severe acoustic attenuation, propagation delays far…

With the proliferation of training data, distributed machine learning (DML) is becoming more competent for large-scale learning tasks. However, privacy concerns have to be given priority in DML, since training data may contain sensitive…

Despite the empirical success in various domains, it has been revealed that deep neural networks are vulnerable to maliciously perturbed input data that much degrade their performance. This is known as adversarial attacks. To counter…

Improving the multi-step reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) with offline reinforcement learning (RL) is essential for quickly adapting them to complex tasks. While Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has shown promise in…

The rapid deployment of large language models (LLMs) in consumer applications has led to frequent exchanges of personal information. To obtain useful responses, users often share more than necessary, increasing privacy risks via…

We present a practical framework to deploy privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) applications in untrusted clouds based on a trusted execution environment (TEE). Specifically, we shield unmodified PyTorch ML applications by running…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized numerous fields, yet their adaptation to specialized tasks in privacy-sensitive domains such as healthcare and finance remains constrained due to the scarcity of accessible training data…

This paper proposes a learning-based approach to accelerate the interior-point method (IPM) for solving optimal power flow (OPF) problems by learning the structure of the IPM central path from its early stable iterations. Unlike traditional…

Multi-party learning is an indispensable technique for improving the learning performance via integrating data from multiple parties. Unfortunately, directly integrating multi-party data would not meet the privacy preserving requirements.…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on customer devices. To support them, current devices are adopting SoCs (System on Chip) with NPUs (Neural Processing Unit) installed. Although high performance is expected, LLM…

Weight pruning of deep neural networks (DNNs) has been proposed to satisfy the limited storage and computing capability of mobile edge devices. However, previous pruning methods mainly focus on reducing the model size and/or improving…