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Related papers: DREAM: Scalable Red Teaming for Text-to-Image Gene…

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This paper introduces the first gradient-based framework for prompt optimization in text-to-image diffusion models. We formulate prompt engineering as a discrete optimization problem over the language space. Two major challenges arise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ruochen Wang , Ting Liu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Boqing Gong

Recently, red teaming, with roots in security, has become a key evaluative approach to ensure the safety and reliability of Generative Artificial Intelligence. However, most existing work emphasizes technical benchmarks and attack success…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Adriana Alvarado Garcia , Ruyuan Wan , Ozioma C. Oguine , Karla Badillo-Urquiola

Previous work on augmenting large multimodal models (LMMs) for text-to-image (T2I) generation has focused on enriching the input space of in-context learning (ICL). This includes providing a few demonstrations and optimizing image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Yongyu Mu , Hengyu Li , Junxin Wang , Xiaoxuan Zhou , Chenglong Wang , Yingfeng Luo , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Guocheng Chen , Jingbo Zhu

Text-guided image manipulation with diffusion models enables flexible and precise editing based on prompts, but raises ethical and copyright concerns due to potential unauthorized modifications. To address this, we propose SecureT2I, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xiaodong Wu , Xiangman Li , Qi Li , Jianbing Ni , Rongxing Lu

Text-to-image generative models are a new and powerful way to generate visual artwork. However, the open-ended nature of text as interaction is double-edged; while users can input anything and have access to an infinite range of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Vivian Liu , Lydia B. Chilton

Diffusion-based text-to-image (T2I) models enable high-quality image generation but also pose significant risks of misuse, particularly in producing not-safe-for-work (NSFW) content. While prior detection methods have focused on filtering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Fan Yang , Yihao Huang , Jiayi Zhu , Ling Shi , Geguang Pu , Jin Song Dong , Kailong Wang

Recent works have demonstrated that using reinforcement learning (RL) with multiple quality rewards can improve the quality of generated images in text-to-image (T2I) generation. However, manually adjusting reward weights poses challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Seung Hyun Lee , Yinxiao Li , Junjie Ke , Innfarn Yoo , Han Zhang , Jiahui Yu , Qifei Wang , Fei Deng , Glenn Entis , Junfeng He , Gang Li , Sangpil Kim , Irfan Essa , Feng Yang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used, they remain susceptible to jailbreak prompts that can elicit harmful or inappropriate responses. This paper introduces STAR-Teaming, a novel black-box framework for automated red teaming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 MinJae Jung , YongTaek Lim , Chaeyun Kim , Junghwan Kim , Kihyun Kim , Minwoo Kim

User prompts for generative AI models are often underspecified, leading to a misalignment between the user intent and models' understanding. As a result, users commonly have to painstakingly refine their prompts. We study this alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Meera Hahn , Wenjun Zeng , Nithish Kannen , Rich Galt , Kartikeya Badola , Been Kim , Zi Wang

As text-to-image (T2I) models advance and gain widespread adoption, their associated safety concerns are becoming increasingly critical. Malicious users exploit these models to generate Not-Safe-for-Work (NSFW) images using harmful or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yiming Wang , Jiahao Chen , Qingming Li , Tong Zhang , Rui Zeng , Xing Yang , Shouling Ji

Recent developments in text-conditioned image generative models have revolutionized the production of realistic results. Unfortunately, this has also led to an increase in privacy violations and the spread of false information, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 An-An Liu , Guokai Zhang , Yuting Su , Ning Xu , Yongdong Zhang , Lanjun Wang

Text-to-image (T2I) models have achieved remarkable progress, yet they continue to struggle with complex prompts that require simultaneously handling multiple objects, relations, and attributes. Existing inference-time strategies, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shantanu Jaiswal , Mihir Prabhudesai , Nikash Bhardwaj , Zheyang Qin , Amir Zadeh , Chuan Li , Katerina Fragkiadaki , Deepak Pathak

Generative AI leaderboards are central to evaluating model capabilities, but remain vulnerable to manipulation. Among key adversarial objectives is rank manipulation, where an attacker must first deanonymize the models behind displayed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ali Naseh , Anshuman Suri , Yuefeng Peng , Harsh Chaudhari , Alina Oprea , Amir Houmansadr

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have recently achieved remarkable success in generating images from textual descriptions. However, challenges still persist in accurately rendering complex scenes where actions and interactions form the primary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Vatsal Malaviya , Agneet Chatterjee , Maitreya Patel , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Compositionality is a critical capability in Text-to-Image (T2I) models, as it reflects their ability to understand and combine multiple concepts from text descriptions. Existing evaluations of compositional capability rely heavily on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Xindi Wu , Dingli Yu , Yangsibo Huang , Olga Russakovsky , Sanjeev Arora

Despite their wide-spread success, Text-to-Image models (T2I) still struggle to produce images that are both aesthetically pleasing and faithful to the user's input text. We introduce DreamSync, a model-agnostic training algorithm by design…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jiao Sun , Deqing Fu , Yushi Hu , Su Wang , Royi Rassin , Da-Cheng Juan , Dana Alon , Charles Herrmann , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Ranjay Krishna , Cyrus Rashtchian

Recent advancements in Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated impressive success in generating high-quality images with zero-shot generalization capabilities. Yet, current models struggle to closely adhere to prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Hyun Kang , Dohae Lee , Myungjin Shin , In-Kwon Lee

As Text-to-Image (T2I) generation becomes widespread, third-party platforms increasingly integrate multiple model APIs for convenient image creation. However, false claims of using official models can mislead users and harm model owners'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zidong Zhao , Yihao Huang , Qing Guo , Tianlin Li , Anran Li , Kailong Wang , Jin Song Dong , Geguang Pu

The evolution of Text-to-video (T2V) generative models, trained on large-scale datasets, has been marked by significant progress. However, the sensitivity of T2V generative models to input prompts highlights the critical role of prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Bingjie Gao , Xinyu Gao , Xiaoxue Wu , Yujie Zhou , Yu Qiao , Li Niu , Xinyuan Chen , Yaohui Wang

Text-to-Image (T2I) models, represented by DALL$\cdot$E and Midjourney, have gained huge popularity for creating realistic images. The quality of these images relies on the carefully engineered prompts, which have become valuable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shiqian Zhao , Chong Wang , Yiming Li , Yihao Huang , Wenjie Qu , Siew-Kei Lam , Yi Xie , Kangjie Chen , Jie Zhang , Tianwei Zhang