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We present the first comprehensive evaluation of cross-lingual unlearning in multilingual LLMs. Using translated TOFU benchmarks in seven language/script variants, we test major unlearning algorithms and show that most fail to remove facts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tyler Lizzo , Larry Heck

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across vision-language tasks, yet their large-scale deployment raises pressing concerns about memorized private data, outdated knowledge, and harmful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chenlu Ding , Jiancan Wu , Leheng Sheng , Fan Zhang , Yancheng Yuan , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Incremental Learning (IL) has been a long-standing problem in both vision and Natural Language Processing (NLP) communities. In recent years, as Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in various NLP downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Junhao Zheng , Shengjie Qiu , Qianli Ma

As multimodal models like CLIP become integral to downstream systems, the need to remove sensitive information is critical. However, machine unlearning for contrastively-trained encoders remains underexplored, and existing evaluations fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Cai Selvas-Sala , Lei Kang , Lluis Gomez

Machine unlearning aims to efficiently remove the influence of specific training data from a model without full retraining. While much progress has been made in unlearning for LLMs, document classification models remain relatively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Aadya Goel , Mayuri Sridhar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are at the forefront of NLP achievements but fall short in dealing with shortcut learning, factual inconsistency, and vulnerability to adversarial inputs.These shortcomings are especially critical in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Mael Jullien , Marco Valentino , André Freitas

Machine unlearning, an emerging research topic focusing on compliance with data privacy regulations, enables trained models to remove the information learned from specific data. While many existing methods indirectly address this issue by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Seonguk Seo , Dongwan Kim , Bohyung Han

The NLI4CT task at SemEval-2024 emphasizes the development of robust models for Natural Language Inference on Clinical Trial Reports (CTRs) using large language models (LLMs). This edition introduces interventions specifically targeting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Bhuvanesh Verma , Lisa Raithel

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in safety-critical and regulated sectors, the retention of sensitive or prohibited knowledge introduces escalating risks, ranging from privacy leakage to regulatory non-compliance to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Taozhao Chen , Linghan Huang , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Huaming Chen

Large language models inevitably retain sensitive information, defined as inputs that may induce harmful generations, due to training on massive web corpora, raising concerns for privacy and safety. Existing machine unlearning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yujie Lin , Chengyi Yang , Zhishang Xiang , Yiping Song , Jinsong Su

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific data influences from trained models, a capability essential for adhering to copyright laws and ensuring AI safety. Current unlearning metrics typically measure success by monitoring the model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Hengrui Jia , Taoran Li , Jonas Guan , Varun Chandrasekaran

Machine unlearning (MU) is becoming a promising paradigm to achieve the "right to be forgotten", where the training trace of any chosen data points could be eliminated, while maintaining the model utility on general testing samples after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Junjie Chen , Qian Chen , Jian Lou , Xiaoyu Zhang , Kai Wu , Zilong Wang

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) is critical for regulatory compliance and for building ethical generative AI systems that avoid producing private, toxic, illegal, or copyrighted content. Despite rapid progress, in this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hadi Reisizadeh , Jiajun Ruan , Yiwei Chen , Soumyadeep Pal , Sijia Liu , Mingyi Hong

Machine unlearning refers to removing the influence of a specified subset of training data from a machine learning model, efficiently, after it has already been trained. This is important for key applications, including making the model…

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced to encompass extensive knowledge across diverse domains. Yet controlling what a large language model should not know is important for ensuring alignment and thus safe use. However, accurately and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Chris Yuhao Liu , Yaxuan Wang , Jeffrey Flanigan , Yang Liu

While Code Language Models (CLMs) have demonstrated superior performance in software engineering tasks such as code generation and summarization, recent empirical studies reveal a critical privacy vulnerability: these models exhibit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Zhaoyang Chu , Yao Wan , Zhikun Zhang , Di Wang , Zhou Yang , Hongyu Zhang , Pan Zhou , Xuanhua Shi , Hai Jin , David Lo

Growing concerns surrounding AI safety and data privacy have driven the development of Machine Unlearning as a potential solution. However, current machine unlearning algorithms are designed to complement the offline training paradigm. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sayanta Adhikari , Vishnuprasadh Kumaravelu , P. K. Srijith

This paper presents the Annif system in SemEval-2025 Task 5 (LLMs4Subjects), which focussed on subject indexing using large language models (LLMs). The task required creating subject predictions for bibliographic records from the bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Osma Suominen , Juho Inkinen , Mona Lehtinen

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) can cause them to lose their general capabilities. However, the intrinsic mechanisms behind such forgetting remain unexplored. In this paper, we begin by examining this phenomenon by focusing on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Gangwei Jiang , Zhaoyi Li , Defu Lian , Ying Wei