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Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining prominence in various fields, thanks to their ability to generate high- quality content from human instructions. This paper delves into the field of chip design using LLMs, specifically in Power-…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kiran Thorat , Jiahui Zhao , Yaotian Liu , Amit Hasan , Hongwu Peng , Xi Xie , Bin Lei , Caiwen Ding

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Anjiang Wei , Jiannan Cao , Ran Li , Hongyu Chen , Yuhui Zhang , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Diyi Yang , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

This resource paper addresses the challenge of evaluating Information Retrieval (IR) systems in the era of autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs). Traditional methods relying on passage-level judgments are no longer effective due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Laura Dietz

Code generation benchmarks such as HumanEval are widely adopted to evaluate LLMs' capabilities. However, after consolidating the latest 24 benchmarks, we noticed three significant imbalances. First, imbalanced programming language. 95.8% of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Jialun Cao , Zhiyong Chen , Jiarong Wu , Shing-chi Cheung , Chang Xu

Process-supervised reward models serve as a fine-grained function that provides detailed step-wise feedback to model responses, facilitating effective selection of reasoning trajectories for complex tasks. Despite its advantages, evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Haoqin Tu , Weitao Feng , Hardy Chen , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Cihang Xie

Efficient GPU kernels are crucial for building performant machine learning architectures, but writing them is a time-consuming challenge that requires significant expertise; therefore, we explore using language models (LMs) to automate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Anne Ouyang , Simon Guo , Simran Arora , Alex L. Zhang , William Hu , Christopher Ré , Azalia Mirhoseini

Triton, a high-level Python-like language designed for building efficient GPU kernels, is widely adopted in deep learning frameworks due to its portability, flexibility, and accessibility. However, programming and parallel optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Jianling Li , Shangzhan Li , Zhenye Gao , Qi Shi , Yuxuan Li , Zefan Wang , Jiacheng Huang , Haojie Wang , Jianrong Wang , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

In the realm of vision models, the primary mode of representation is using pixels to rasterize the visual world. Yet this is not always the best or unique way to represent visual content, especially for designers and artists who depict the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Bocheng Zou , Mu Cai , Jianrui Zhang , Yong Jae Lee

Verifying hardware designs in embedded systems is crucial but often labor-intensive and time-consuming. While existing solutions have improved automation, they frequently rely on unrealistic assumptions. To address these challenges, we…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yuchen Hu , Junhao Ye , Ke Xu , Jialin Sun , Shiyue Zhang , Xinyao Jiao , Dingrong Pan , Jie Zhou , Ning Wang , Weiwei Shan , Xinwei Fang , Xi Wang , Nan Guan , Zhe Jiang

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in automating unit test generation, significantly reducing the manual effort required by developers. To effectively evaluate the capabilities of LLMs in this domain, it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Dong Huang , Jie M. Zhang , Mark Harman , Qianru Zhang , Mingzhe Du , See-Kiong Ng

Existing REST API testing tools are typically evaluated using code coverage and crash-based fault metrics. However, recent LLM-based approaches increasingly generate tests from NL requirements to validate functional behaviour, making…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Leon Kogler , Stefan Hangler , Maximilian Ehrhart , Benedikt Dornauer , Roland Wuersching , Peter Schrammel

The prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs) is having an growing impact on the climate due to the substantial energy required for their deployment and use. To create awareness for developers who are implementing LLMs in their products,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-12 K. Pronk , Q. Zhao

Existing benchmarks for hardware design primarily evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) on isolated, component-level tasks such as generating HDL modules from specifications, leaving repository-scale evaluation unaddressed. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Fan Cui , Hongyuan Hou , Zizhang Luo , Chenyun Yin , Yun Liang

Jailbreak attacks cause large language models (LLMs) to generate harmful, unethical, or otherwise objectionable content. Evaluating these attacks presents a number of challenges, which the current collection of benchmarks and evaluation…

Recently, there has been a growing interest among large language model (LLM) developers in LLM-based document reading systems, which enable users to upload their own documents and pose questions related to the document contents, going…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Anni Zou , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Deng Cai , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Dong Yu

Code Linting tools are vital for detecting potential defects in Verilog code. However, the limitations of traditional Linting tools are evident in frequent false positives and redundant defect reports. Recent advancements in large language…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhigang Fang , Renzhi Chen , Zhijie Yang , Yang Guo , Huadong Dai , Lei Wang

As the range of applications for Large Language Models (LLMs) continues to grow, the demand for effective serving solutions becomes increasingly critical. Despite the versatility of LLMs, no single model can optimally address all tasks and…

Large Language Models (LLM) are increasingly used for software development, yet existing benchmarks for LLM-based coding assistance do not reflect the constraints of High Energy Physics (HEP) and High Performance Computing (HPC) software.…

Formal models are essential to specifying large, complex computer systems and verifying their correctness, but are notoriously expensive to write and maintain. Recent advances in generative AI show promise in generating certain forms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Qian Cheng , Ruize Tang , Emilie Ma , Finn Hackett , Peiyang He , Yiming Su , Ivan Beschastnikh , Yu Huang , Xiaoxing Ma , Tianyin Xu