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We present INTEGRALBENCH, a focused benchmark designed to evaluate Large Language Model (LLM) performance on definite integral problems. INTEGRALBENCH provides both symbolic and numerical ground truth solutions with manual difficulty…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bintao Tang , Xin Yang , Yuhao Wang , Zixuan Qiu , Zimo Ji , Wenyuan Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are computational models capable of performing complex natural language processing tasks. Leveraging these capabilities, LLMs hold the potential to transform the entire hardware design stack, with predictions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Mubashir ul Islam , Humza Sami , Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon , Valerio Tenace

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced text generation capabilities, yet evaluating their performance in generative writing remains a challenge. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on generic text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yuning Wu , Jiahao Mei , Ming Yan , Chenliang Li , Shaopeng Lai , Yuran Ren , Zijia Wang , Ji Zhang , Mengyue Wu , Qin Jin , Fei Huang

Task automation has been greatly empowered by the recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) via Python code, where the tasks ranging from software engineering development to general-purpose reasoning. While current benchmarks have…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in recent years, driving their adoption across a wide range of domains, including computer security. In reverse engineering, LLMs are increasingly applied to critical tasks such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jun Yeon Won , Xin Jin , Shiqing Ma , Zhiqiang Lin

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly integrated into practical hardware and firmware development pipelines for code generation. Existing studies have primarily focused on evaluating the functional correctness of LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qirui Chen , Jingxian Shuai , Shuangwu Chen , Shenghao Ye , Zijian Wen , Xufei Su , Jie Jin , Jiangming Li , Jun Chen , Xiaobin Tan , Jian Yang

Limitations in Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities for hardware design tasks, such as generating functional Verilog codes, have motivated various fine-tuning optimizations utilizing curated hardware datasets from open-source…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Sam Bush , Matthew DeLorenzo , Phat Tieu , Jeyavijayan Rajendran

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive potential in generating Verilog codes, but ensuring functional correctness remains a challenge. Existing approaches often rely on self-consistency or simulation feedback to select the best…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhuorui Zhao , Bing Li , Grace Li Zhang , Ulf Schlichtmann

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in generating structured diagrams from natural language descriptions, particularly Mermaid sequence diagrams for software engineering. However, the lack of existing benchmarks to assess…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Basel Shbita , Farhan Ahmed , Chad DeLuca

Intellectual Property (IP) is a highly specialized domain that integrates technical and legal knowledge, making it inherently complex and knowledge-intensive. Recent advancements in LLMs have demonstrated their potential to handle…

Planning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs) because such complex tasks require models to coordinate goals, constraints, resources, and long-term consequences into executable and verifiable solutions. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ziliang Zhao , Zenan Xu , Shuting Wang , Hongjin Qian , Yan Lei , Minda Hu , Zhao Wang , Shihan Dou , Zhicheng Dou , Pluto Zhou

Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating GPU Kernels. Current benchmarks focus on the translation of high-level languages into CUDA, overlooking the more general and challenging task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jiace Zhu , Wentao Chen , Qi Fan , Zhixing Ren , Junying Wu , Xing Zhe Chai , Chotiwit Rungrueangwutthinon , Yehan Ma , An Zou

We explore the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate high-quality Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code with minimal human interference. The traditional RTL design workflow requires human experts to manually write high-quality RTL…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hanxian Huang , Zhenghan Lin , Zixuan Wang , Xin Chen , Ke Ding , Jishen Zhao

We present a new approach for benchmarking Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities on research-level mathematics. Existing benchmarks largely rely on static, hand-curated sets of contest or textbook-style problems as proxies for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Antoine Peyronnet , Fabian Gloeckle , Amaury Hayat

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated in software development, but ensuring correctness in LLM-generated code remains challenging and often requires costly manual review. Verifiable code generation -- jointly generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zhe Ye , Zhengxu Yan , Jingxuan He , Timothe Kasriel , Kaiyu Yang , Dawn Song

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) suggest great promises in code and proof generations. However, scaling automated formal verification to real-world projects requires resolving cross-module dependencies and global…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Si Cheng Zhong , Xujie Si

Due to the growing complexity of modern Integrated Circuits (ICs), there is a need for automated circuit design methods. Recent years have seen rising research in hardware design language generation to facilitate the design process. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zehua Pei , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Yu Huang , Bei Yu

To mitigate the potential misuse of large language models (LLMs), recent research has developed watermarking algorithms, which restrict the generation process to leave an invisible trace for watermark detection. Due to the two-stage nature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Shangqing Tu , Yuliang Sun , Yushi Bai , Jifan Yu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Inspired by the recent success of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, researchers start to explore the adoption of LLMs for agile hardware design, such as generating design RTL based on natural-language instructions. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yao Lu , Shang Liu , Qijun Zhang , Zhiyao Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated capabilities for producing code in Hardware Description Languages (HDLs). However, most of the focus remains on their abilities to write functional code, not test code. The hardware design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jason Blocklove , Siddharth Garg , Ramesh Karri , Hammond Pearce