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This work focuses on leveraging and selecting from vast, unlabeled, open data to pre-fine-tune a pre-trained language model. The goal is to minimize the need for costly domain-specific data for subsequent fine-tuning while achieving desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Feiyang Kang , Hoang Anh Just , Yifan Sun , Himanshu Jahagirdar , Yuanzhi Zhang , Rongxing Du , Anit Kumar Sahu , Ruoxi Jia

Large language models (LLMs) excel in general tasks but struggle with domain-specific ones, requiring fine-tuning with specific data. With many open-source LLMs available, selecting the best model for fine-tuning downstream tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wei Huang , Huang Wei , Yinggui Wang

The data used to pretrain large language models has a decisive impact on a model's downstream performance, which has led to a large body of work on data selection methods that aim to automatically determine the most suitable data to use for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Alon Albalak , Liangming Pan , Colin Raffel , William Yang Wang

Gradient-based data selection offers a principled framework for estimating sample utility in large language model (LLM) fine-tuning, but existing methods are mostly designed for offline settings. They are therefore less suited to online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Fangxin Wang , Peyman Baghershahi , Langzhou He , Henry Peng Zou , Sourav Medya , Philip S. Yu

Pruning has recently been widely adopted to reduce the parameter scale and improve the inference efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs). Mainstream pruning techniques often rely on uniform layerwise pruning strategies, which can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yuli Chen , Bo Cheng , Jiale Han , Yingying Zhang , Yingting Li , Shuhao Zhang

The increasing size and complexity of pre-trained language models have demonstrated superior performance in many applications, but they usually require large training datasets to be adequately trained. Insufficient training sets could…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Yaping Chai , Haoran Xie , Joe S. Qin

With the rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in recommendation systems, the computational and communication bottlenecks caused by their massive parameter sizes and large data volumes have become increasingly prominent. This paper…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Haowei Yang , Yu Tian , Zhongheng Yang , Zhao Wang , Chengrui Zhou , Dannier Li

Existing research on large language models (LLMs) shows that they can solve information extraction tasks through multi-step planning. However, their extraction behavior on complex sentences and tasks is unstable, emerging issues such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zepeng Ding , Ruiyang Ke , Wenhao Huang , Guochao Jiang , Yanda Li , Deqing Yang , Jiaqing Liang

The effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) is often hindered by duplicated data in their extensive pre-training datasets. Current approaches primarily focus on detecting and removing duplicates, which risks the loss of valuable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Nan He , Weichen Xiong , Hanwen Liu , Yi Liao , Lei Ding , Kai Zhang , Guohua Tang , Xiao Han , Wei Yang

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive results but face challenges from increasing model sizes and computational costs. Structured pruning reduces model size and speeds up inference but often causes uneven degradation across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hexuan Deng , Wenxiang Jiao , Xuebo Liu , Jing Li , Min Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

Data processing plays an significant role in current multimodal model training. In this paper. we provide an comprehensive review of common data processing techniques used in modern multimodal model training with a focus on diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yinheng Li , Han Ding , Hang Chen

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has improved text understanding and generation but poses challenges in computational resources. This study proposes a curriculum learning-inspired, data-centric training strategy that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Jisu Kim , Juhwan Lee

Large foundation models are typically trained on data from multiple domains, with the data mixture--the proportion of each domain used--playing a critical role in model performance. The standard approach to selecting this mixture relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Mustafa Shukor , Louis Bethune , Dan Busbridge , David Grangier , Enrico Fini , Alaaeldin El-Nouby , Pierre Ablin

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent the recent success of deep learning in achieving remarkable human-like predictive performance. It has become a mainstream strategy to leverage fine-tuning to adapt LLMs for various real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Hongpeng Jin , Wenqi Wei , Xuyu Wang , Wenbin Zhang , Yanzhao Wu

The composition of training data mixtures is critical for effectively training large language models (LLMs), as it directly impacts their performance on downstream tasks. Our goal is to identify an optimal data mixture to specialize an LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Simin Fan , David Grangier , Pierre Ablin

We present Dynamic Skill Adaptation (DSA), an adaptive and dynamic framework to adapt novel and complex skills to Large Language Models (LLMs). Compared with previous work which learns from human-curated and static data in random orders, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jiaao Chen , Diyi Yang

Data augmentation is an effective technique to improve the generalization of deep neural networks. However, previous data augmentation methods usually treat the augmented samples equally without considering their individual impacts on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Mingyang Yi , Lu Hou , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Zhi-Ming Ma

Recent advancements in instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) suggest that a small, high-quality dataset can significantly equip LLMs with instruction-following capabilities, outperforming large datasets often burdened by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jia Zhang , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yao Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Xiao-Wen Yang , Bo Zheng , Yi Liu , Lan-Zhe Guo

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is essential for enhancing their performance on specific tasks but is often resource-intensive due to redundant or uninformative data. To address this inefficiency, we introduce DELIFT (Data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Ishika Agarwal , Krishnateja Killamsetty , Lucian Popa , Marina Danilevksy