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Recent interferometric observations by the Event Horizon Telescope have resolved the horizon-scale emission from sources in the vicinity of nearby supermassive black holes. Future space-based interferometers promise to measure the "photon…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-06 Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Alexandru Lupsasca , Hengrui Zhu

We introduce a new library of 535,194 model images of the supermassive black holes and Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) targets Sgr A* and M87*, computed by performing general relativistic radiative transfer calculations on general…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-22 Richard Qiu , Angelo Ricarte , Ramesh Narayan , George N. Wong , Andrew Chael , Daniel Palumbo

Predicting accurate normal maps of objects from two-dimensional images in regions of complex structure and spatial material variations is challenging using photometric stereo methods due to the influence of surface reflection properties…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Kai Luo , Yakun Ju , Lin Qi , Kaixuan Wang , Junyu Dong

Molecular sciences address a wide range of problems involving molecules of different types and sizes and their complexes. Recently, geometric deep learning, especially Graph Neural Networks, has shown promising performance in molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Shuo Zhang , Yang Liu , Lei Xie

Accurately segmenting brain lesions in MRI scans is critical for providing patients with prognoses and neurological monitoring. However, the performance of CNN-based segmentation methods is constrained by the limited training set size.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Jiayu Huo , Yang Liu , Xi Ouyang , Alejandro Granados , Sebastien Ourselin , Rachel Sparks

We present a general method to analyze reverberation mapping data that provides both estimates for the black hole mass and for the geometry and dynamics of the broad line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei (AGN). Our method directly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Anna Pancoast , Brendon J. Brewer , Tommaso Treu

General Relativity predicts that the emission close to a black hole must be lensed by its strong gravitational field, illuminating the last photon orbit. This results in a dark circular area known as the black hole 'shadow'. The Event…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-02 Leonid Benkevitch , Kazunori Akiyama , Rusen Lu , Shepherd Doeleman , Vincent Fish

Graph data often exhibits complex geometric heterogeneity, where structures with varying local curvature, such as tree-like hierarchies and dense communities, coexist within a single network. Existing geometric GNNs, which embed graphs into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xudong Wang , Chris Ding , Tongxin Li , Jicong Fan

To solve high-dimensional parameter-dependent partial differential equations (pPDEs), a neural network architecture is presented. It is constructed to map parameters of the model data to corresponding finite element solutions. To improve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Janina E. Schütte , Martin Eigel

HDR is an important part of computational photography technology. In this paper, we propose a lightweight neural network called Efficient Attention-and-alignment-guided Progressive Network (EAPNet) for the challenge NTIRE 2022 HDR Track 1…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Gaocheng Yu , Jin Zhang , Zhe Ma , Hongbin Wang

Few-shot learning in remote sensing remains challenging due to three factors: the scarcity of labeled data, substantial domain shifts, and the multi-scale nature of geospatial objects. To address these issues, we introduce Adaptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anurag Kaushish , Ayan Sar , Sampurna Roy , Sudeshna Chakraborty , Prashant Trivedi , Tanupriya Choudhury , Kanav Gupta

Image downscaling is a fundamental operation in image processing, crucial for adapting high-resolution content to various display and storage constraints. While classic methods often introduce blurring or aliasing, recent learning-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Piyush Narhari Pise , Sanjay Ghosh

Image deblurring plays a crucial role in enhancing visual clarity across various applications. Although most deep learning approaches primarily focus on sRGB images, which inherently lose critical information during the image signal…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Wenlong Jiao , Binglong Li , Wei Shang , Ping Wang , Dongwei Ren

Accurate prediction of hydrogen sorption in clays, shales, and coals is vital for advancing underground hydrogen storage, natural hydrogen exploration, and radioactive waste containment. Traditional experimental methods, while foundational,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mohammad Nooraiepour , Mohammad Masoudi , Zezhang Song , Helge Hellevang

We review a General Relativistic (GR) method to determine the black hole (BH) parameters: mass-to-distance ratio, position and recessional velocity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of Seyfert type, which have an accretion disk with water…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-03 Adriana González-Juárez , Alfredo Herrera-Aguilar

With the success of static black-hole imaging, the next frontier is the dynamic and 3D imaging of black holes. Recovering the dynamic 3D gas near a black hole would reveal previously-unseen parts of the universe and inform new physics…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-19 Berthy T. Feng , Andrew A. Chael , David Bromley , Aviad Levis , William T. Freeman , Katherine L. Bouman

Multi-frequency Electrical Impedance Tomography (mfEIT) represents a promising biomedical imaging modality that enables the estimation of tissue conductivities across a range of frequencies. Addressing this challenge, we present a novel…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Giovanni S. Alberti , Damiana Lazzaro , Serena Morigi , Luca Ratti , Matteo Santacesaria

Recent advances in Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have demonstrated significant potential for representing 3D scene appearances as implicit neural networks, enabling the synthesis of high-fidelity novel views. However, the lengthy training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Tong Wang , Shuichi Kurabayashi

Ray tracing (RT) has emerged as a key tool for propagation channel modeling and network planning. Conventional RT is based on electromagnetic (EM) wave theory and its application relies on detailed mesh-based environment representations and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Zhuoyin Li , Ruisi He , Mi Yang , Ziyi Qi , Zhengyu Zhang , Jiahui Han , Haoxiang Zhang , Bingcheng Liu

Magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in computer-aided diagnosis and brain exploration. However, limited by hardware, scanning time and cost, it's challenging to acquire high-resolution (HR) magnetic resonance (MR) image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-10 Senrong You , Yong Liu , Baiying Lei , Shuqiang Wang