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Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), enable fast specialization of large pre-trained models to different downstream applications. However, this process often leads to catastrophic forgetting of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Joanna Sliwa , Frank Schneider , Philipp Hennig , Jose Miguel Hernandez-Lobato

In this paper, we introduce Nested Low-Rank Adaptation (NoRA), a novel approach to parameter-efficient fine-tuning that extends the capabilities of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) techniques. Vanilla LoRA overlooks pre-trained weight inheritance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Cheng Lin , Lujun Li , Dezhi Li , Jie Zou , Wei Xue , Yike Guo

Fine-tuning is an important step in adapting foundation models such as large language models to downstream tasks. To make this step more accessible to users with limited computational budgets, it is crucial to develop fine-tuning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Cen-Jhih Li , Aditya Bhaskara

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in real-world applications. However, adapting LLMs to novel tasks via fine-tuning often requires substantial training data and computational resources that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Boyan Gao , Xin Wang , Yibo Yang , David Clifton

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a popular method for fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained models in downstream tasks by learning low-rank incremental matrices. Though LoRA and its variants effectively reduce the number of trainable parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Rushi Qiang , Ruiyi Zhang , Pengtao Xie

Various parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques have been proposed to enable computationally efficient fine-tuning while maintaining model performance. However, existing PEFT methods are still limited by the growing number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yifan Yang , Jiajun Zhou , Ngai Wong , Zheng Zhang

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have demonstrated their superiority and versatility in modern Natural Language Processing (NLP), effectively adapting to various downstream tasks through further fine-tuning. Federated Parameter-Efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Fei Wu , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Shiqiang Wang

Self-supervised speech models are a rapidly developing research topic in fake audio detection. Many pre-trained models can serve as feature extractors, learning richer and higher-level speech features. However,when fine-tuning pre-trained…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Chenglong Wang , Jiangyan Yi , Xiaohui Zhang , Jianhua Tao , Le Xu , Ruibo Fu

Deep segmentation networks achieve high performance when trained on specific datasets. However, in clinical practice, it is often desirable that pretrained segmentation models can be dynamically extended to enable segmenting new organs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Vince Zhu , Zhanghexuan Ji , Dazhou Guo , Puyang Wang , Yingda Xia , Le Lu , Xianghua Ye , Wei Zhu , Dakai Jin

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most widely used techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). By introducing a small number of trainable low-rank weight matrices, LoRA substantially reduces the number of parameters that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Seokmin Ko

Low-rank adaptation, also known as LoRA, has emerged as a prominent method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of foundation models. Despite its computational efficiency, LoRA still yields inferior performance compared to full fine-tuning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zhengbo Wang , Jian Liang , Ran He , Zilei Wang , Tieniu Tan

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) improves downstream performance by restricting task updates to a low-rank parameter subspace, yet how this limited capacity is allocated within a trained adapter remains unclear. Through a geometric and empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zailong Tian , Yanzhe Chen , Zhuoheng Han , Lizi Liao

Recent advances in diffusion models and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) have made text-to-image generation and customization widely accessible, with Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA) able to replicate an artist's style or subject using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Chenxi Liu , Towaki Takikawa , Alec Jacobson

An important paradigm of natural language processing consists of large-scale pre-training on general domain data and adaptation to particular tasks or domains. As we pre-train larger models, full fine-tuning, which retrains all model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Edward J. Hu , Yelong Shen , Phillip Wallis , Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li , Shean Wang , Lu Wang , Weizhu Chen

Pre-trained language models, trained on large-scale corpora, demonstrate strong generalizability across various NLP tasks. Fine-tuning these models for specific tasks typically involves updating all parameters, which is resource-intensive.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Haoyu Wang , Tianci Liu , Ruirui Li , Monica Cheng , Tuo Zhao , Jing Gao

In this paper we generalize and extend an idea of low-rank adaptation (LoRA) of large language models (LLMs) based on Transformer architecture. Widely used LoRA-like methods of fine-tuning LLMs are based on matrix factorization of gradient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Daniel Bershatsky , Daria Cherniuk , Talgat Daulbaev , Aleksandr Mikhalev , Ivan Oseledets

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a dominant paradigm for deploying LLMs in multi-task scenarios due to its extreme parameter efficiency. While Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) based LoRA variants have achieved promising results by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jia-Chen Zhang , Zhen-Wei Yan , Yu-Jie Xiong , Chun-Ming Xia

Due to the demand for efficient fine-tuning of large language models, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has been widely adopted as one of the most effective parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods. Nevertheless, while LoRA improves efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Naibin Gu , Zhenyu Zhang , Xiyu Liu , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang , Haifeng Wang

Parameter efficient fine tuning (PEFT) is a versatile and extensible approach for adapting a Large Language Model (LLM) for newer tasks. One of the most prominent PEFT approaches, Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA), primarily focuses on adjusting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Harsh Nilesh Pathak , Randy Paffenroth

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as LoRA, enable scalable adaptation of foundation models by injecting low-rank adapters. However, their communication and storage costs remain a major bottleneck in resource-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Seyed Mahmoud Sajjadi Mohammadabadi , Xiaolong Ma , Lei Yang , Feng Yan , Junshan Zhang