Related papers: Input-Driven Pushdown Automata with Translucent In…
Parikh automata extend finite automata by counters that can be tested for membership in a semilinear set, but only at the end of a run. Thereby, they preserve many of the desirable properties of finite automata. Deterministic Parikh…
We show the surprising result that the cutpoint isolation problem is decidable for Probabilistic Finite Automata (PFA) where input words are taken from a letter-bounded context-free language. A context-free language $\mathcal{L}$ is…
Given a natural language instruction and an input scene, our goal is to train a model to output a manipulation program that can be executed by the robot. Prior approaches for this task possess one of the following limitations: (i) rely on…
We study counting-regular languages -- these are languages $L$ for which there is a regular language $L'$ such that the number of strings of length $n$ in $L$ and $L'$ are the same for all $n$. We show that the languages accepted by…
Nested weighted automata (NWA) present a robust and convenient automata-theoretic formalism for quantitative specifications. Previous works have considered NWA that processed input words only in the forward direction. It is natural to allow…
This paper continues a systematic and comprehensive study on the structural properties of CFL functions, which are in general multi-valued partial functions computed by one-way one-head nondeterministic pushdown automata equipped with…
We investigate the (non)-existence of universal automata for some classes of automata, such as finite automata and pushdown automata, and in particular the influence of the representation and encoding function. An alternative approach,…
We propose an automata theoretic learning algorithm for the identification of black-box switched linear systems whose switching logics are event-driven. A switched system is expressed by a deterministic finite automaton (FA) whose node…
Modern large language models (LLMs) employ diverse logical inference mechanisms for reasoning, making the strategic optimization of these approaches critical for advancing their capabilities. This paper systematically investigate the…
Pushdown automata may contain transitions that are never used in any accepting run of the automaton. We present an algorithm for detecting such useless transitions. A finite automaton that captures the possible stack content during runs of…
Voice controlled virtual assistants (VAs) are now available in smartphones, cars, and standalone devices in homes. In most cases, the user needs to first "wake-up" the VA by saying a particular word/phrase every time he or she wants the VA…
The classical subset construction for non-deterministic automata can be generalized to other side-effects captured by a monad. The key insight is that both the state space of the determinized automaton and its semantics---languages over an…
Every language recognized by a non-deterministic finite automaton can be recognized by a deterministic automaton, at the cost of a potential increase of the number of states, which in the worst case can go from $n$ states to $2^n$ states.…
Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have shown extreme effectiveness in visual question answering (VQA). However, the design nature of these end-to-end models prevents them from being interpretable to humans,…
In this paper, we define the notion of {\em probabilistic $\omega$-pushdown automaton} and study its model-checking problem against the logic of $\omega$-probabilistic computational tree logic ($\omega$-PCTL) and its bounded version from a…
Graphical models in probability and statistics are a core concept in the area of probabilistic reasoning and probabilistic programming-graphical models include Bayesian networks and factor graphs. In this paper we develop a new model of…
Visual tokens dominate inference cost in vision-language models (VLMs), yet many carry redundant information. Existing pruning methods alleviate this but typically rely on attention magnitude or similarity scores. We reformulate visual…
Existing end-to-end autonomous driving models rely heavily on purely data-driven inductive reasoning. This "black-box" nature leads to a lack of interpretability and absolute safety guarantees in complex, long-tail scenarios. To overcome…
Visibly pushdown transducers (VPTs) are visibly pushdown automata extended with outputs. They have been introduced to model transformations of nested words, i.e. words with a call/return structure. As trees and more generally hedges can be…
Deterministic synchronous systems consisting of two finite automata running in opposite directions on a shared read-only input are studied with respect to their ability to perform reversible computations, which means that the automata are…