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We explore language semantics for automata combining probabilistic and nondeterministic behavior. We first show that there are precisely two natural semantics for probabilistic automata with nondeterminism. For both choices, we show that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Gerco van Heerdt , Justin Hsu , Joël Ouaknine , Alexandra Silva

We cast new light on the existing models of one-way deterministic topological automata by introducing a fresh but general, convenient model, in which, as each input symbol is read, an interior system of an automaton, known as a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Tomoyuki Yamakami

A nondeterministic automaton is semantically deterministic (SD) if different nondeterministic choices in the automaton lead to equivalent states. Semantic determinism is interesting as it is a natural relaxation of determinism, and as some…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Bader Abu Radi , Orna Kupferman

Visibly pushdown automata (VPA), introduced by Alur and Madhusuan in 2004, is a subclass of pushdown automata whose stack behavior is completely determined by the input symbol according to a fixed partition of the input alphabet. Since its…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-11-18 Nguyen Van Tang

The linear-time simulation of 2-way deterministic pushdown automata (2DPDA) by the Cook and Jones constructions is revisited. Following the semantics-based approach by Jones, an interpreter is given which, when extended with random-access…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-09-23 Robert Glück

Visibly pushdown transducers form a subclass of pushdown transducers that (strictly) extends finite state transducers with a stack. Like visibly pushdown automata, the input symbols determine the stack operations. In this paper, we prove…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Emmanuel Filiot , Jean-François Raskin , Pierre-Alain Reynier , Frédéric Servais , Jean-Marc Talbot

History-deterministic automata are those in which nondeterministic choices can be correctly resolved stepwise: there is a strategy to select a continuation of a run given the next input letter so that if the overall input word admits some…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Soumyajit Paul , David Purser , Sven Schewe , Qiyi Tang , Patrick Totzke , Di-De Yen

A two-dimensional finite automaton has a read-only input head that moves in four directions on a finite array of cells labelled by symbols of the input alphabet. A three-way two-dimensional automaton is prohibited from making upward moves,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Taylor J. Smith , Kai Salomaa

In this paper, we give a deterministic pushdown transducer and a normal sequence of digits compressed by it. This solves positively a question left open in a previous paper by V. Becher, P. A. Heiber and the first author.

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Olivier Carton , Sylvain Perifel

Nondeterministic weighted automata are finite automata with numerical weights on transitions. They define quantitative languages L that assign to each word w a real number L(w). The value of an infinite word w is computed as the maximal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-09-10 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen , Thomas A. Henzinger

We show that deterministic collapsible pushdown automata of second order can recognize a language that is not recognizable by any deterministic higher-order pushdown automaton (without collapse) of any order. This implies that there exists…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Paweł Parys

In this paper we consider the class of lambda-nondeterministic linear automata as a model of the class of linear languages. As usual in other automata models, lambda-moves do not increase the acceptance power. The main contribution of this…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Benjamín Bedregal

We study a class of filters -- discrete finite-state transition systems employed as incremental stream transducers -- that have application to robotics: e.g., to model combinatorial estimators and also as concise encodings of feedback…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Yulin Zhang , Dylan A. Shell

We present PAPNI, a passive automata learning algorithm capable of learning deterministic context-free grammars, which are modeled with visibly deterministic pushdown automata. PAPNI is a generalization of RPNI, a passive automata learning…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Edi Muškardin , Tamim Burgstaller

In this paper, we investigate the enforcement of opacity via supervisory control in the context of discrete-event systems. A system is said to be opaque if the intruder, which is modeled as a passive observer, can never infer confidently…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Yifan Xie , Xiang Yin , Shaoyuan Li

We study the relation between the standard two-way automata and more powerful devices, namely, two-way finite automata with an additional "pebble" movable along the input tape. Similarly as in the case of the classical two-way machines, it…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-07-30 Viliam Geffert , Lubomíra Ištoňová

The number of states and stack symbols needed to determinize nondeterministic input-driven pushdown automata (NIDPDA) working over a fixed alphabet is determined precisely. It is proved that in the worst case exactly 2^{n^2} states are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Olga Martynova

Discounting the influence of future events is a key paradigm in economics and it is widely used in computer-science models, such as games, Markov decision processes (MDPs), reinforcement learning, and automata. While a single game or MDP…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Udi Boker , Guy Hefetz

We introduce the notion of multipass automata as a generalization of pushdown automata and study the classes of languages accepted by such machines. The class of languages accepted by deterministic multipass automata is exactly the Boolean…

Automata-logic connections are pillars of the theory of regular languages. Such connections are harder to obtain for transducers, but important results have been obtained recently for word-to-word transformations, showing that the three…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Luc Dartois , Emmanuel Filiot , Pierre-Alain Reynier , Jean-Marc Talbot