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Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we prove the weak convergence of linear statistics of the zeros of L-functions towards a Gaussian field, with covariance structure corresponding to the $\HH^{1/2}$-norm of the test functions. For this…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Paul Bourgade , Jeffrey Kuan

In this work, we investigate the positivity of the real part of the log-derivative of the Riemann $\xi$-function in the region $1/2+1/\sqrt{\log t}<\sigma<1$, where $t$ is sufficiently large. We provide an explicit lower bound for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Andrius Grigutis , Lukas Turčinskas

The secondary zeta function $Z(s)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\alpha_n^{-s}$, where $\rho_n=\frac12+i\alpha_n$ are the zeros of zeta with $\Im(\rho)>0$, extends to a meromorphic function on the hole complex plane. If we assume the Riemann hypothesis…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Juan Arias de Reyna

This paper studies combinations of the Riemann zeta function, based on one defined by P.R. Taylor, which was shown by him to have all its zeros on the critical line. With a rescaled complex argument, this is denoted here by ${\cal T}_-(s)$,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-08-29 Ross C. McPhedran , Christopher G. Poulton

In this note, we show that the values of integrals of the log-tangent function with respect to any square-integrable function on $\left[0 , \frac{\pi}{2} \right]$ may be determined by a finite or infinite sum involving the Riemann…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-12 Lahoucine Elaissaoui , Zine El Abidine Guennoun

Starting from the classical integral representation of the $\zeta(s)$ function introduced by Riemann in 1859, this paper reexamines its analytic symmetry structure. By performing a geometric decomposition of the integral representation, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Nainrong Feng

Let $S(t) = \tfrac{1}{\pi} \arg \zeta (\frac12 + it)$ be the argument of the Riemann zeta-function at the point $\tfrac12 + it$. For $n \geq 1$ and $t>0$ define its iterates \begin{equation*} S_n(t) = \int_0^t S_{n-1}(\tau) \,{\rm d}\tau\,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Emanuel Carneiro , Andrés Chirre

This article proves the Riemann hypothesis, which states that all non-trivial zeros of the zeta function have a real part equal to 1/2. We inspect in detail the integral form of the (symmetrized) completed zeta function, which is a product…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Kimichika Fukushima

Montgomery's pair correlation conjecture predicts the asymptotic behavior of the function $N(T,\beta)$ defined to be the number of pairs $\gamma$ and $\gamma'$ of ordinates of nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function satisfying…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Emanuel Carneiro , Vorrapan Chandee , Friedrich Littmann , Micah B. Milinovich

Assume the Riemann Hypothesis and a hypothesis on small gaps between zeta zeros, we prove a conjecture of Bailey, Bettin, Blower, Conrey, Prokhorov, Rubinstein and Snaith, which states that for any positive integer $K$ and real number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Fan Ge

In these lectures we first review the important properties of the Riemann $\zeta$-function that are necessary to understand the nature and importance of the Riemann hypothesis (RH). In particular this first part describes the analytic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-20 Guilherme França , André LeClair

The function $S_n (t) = \pi \left( \frac{3}{2} - {frac} \left( \frac{\vartheta(t)}{\pi} \right) + \left( \lfloor \frac{t \ln \left( \frac{t}{2 \pi e}\right)}{2 \pi} + \frac{7}{8} \rfloor - n \right) \right)$ is conjectured to be equal to $S…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Stephen Crowley

Under the Riemann Hypothesis, we show that as $t$ varies in $T\leq t \leq 2T$, the distribution of $\log|\zeta(1/2+it)|$ with respect to the measure $|\zeta(1/2+it)|^2dt$ is approximately normal with mean $\log\log T$ and variance…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-21 Alessandro Fazzari

First part of this paper was published in CEJM (2)(4) (2004), 1-15. It is proved now that $$ \int_0^T|E^*(t)|^5{\rm d}t \ll_\epsilon T^{2+\epsilon}. $$ Here $$ E^*(t) = E(t) - 2\pi\Delta^*(t/2\pi), \Delta^*(x) = - \Delta(x) +2\Delta(2x) -…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aleksandar Ivić

Hardy and Littlewood initiated the study of the $2k$-th moments of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line. In 1918 Hardy and Littlewood established an asymptotic formula for the second moment and in 1926 Ingham established an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-08 Nathan Ng

Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis we study negative moments of the Riemann zeta-function and obtain asymptotic formulas in certain ranges of the shift in $\zeta(s)$. For example, integrating $|\zeta(1/2+\alpha+it)|^{-2k}$ with respect to $t$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Hung M. Bui , Alexandra Florea

Let $\delta>0$ and $\sigma=\frac{1}{2}+\tfrac{\delta}{\log T}$. We prove that, for any $\alpha>0$ and $V\sim \alpha\log \log T$ as $T\to\infty$, $\frac{1}{T}\text{meas}\big\{t\in [T,2T]: \log|\zeta(\sigma+\rm{i} \tau)|>V\big\}\geq…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Louis-Pierre Arguin , Emma Bailey

By modifying Beukers' proof of Apery's theorem that zeta(3) is irrational, we derive criteria for irrationality of Euler's constant, gamma. For n > 0, we define a double integral I(n) and a positive integer S(n), and prove that if d(n) =…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonathan Sondow

In this report, we present a proof of Levinson's theorem, following the ideas of Matthew P. Young in 2010, which states that one-third of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function lie on the critical line, i.e. the line Re(s) =…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Swapnil Ray

We show for all $1/2 \le \sigma \le 1$ and $t\ge 3$ that $\zeta(\sigma+it)| \le 76.2 t^{4.45 (1-\sigma)^{3/2}}$, where $\zeta$ is the Riemann zeta function. This significantly improves the previous bounds, where $4.45$ is replaced by…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Kevin Ford