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Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become the standard approach for adapting large language models under limited compute and memory budgets. Although previous methods improve efficiency through low-rank updates, quantization, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhuxuanzi Wang , Mingqiao Mo , Xi Xiao , Chen Liu , Chenrui Ma , Yunbei Zhang , Xiao Wang , Smita Krishnaswamy , Tianyang Wang

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods are widely used to adapt large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks and are often assumed to improve factual correctness. However, how the parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods affect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xu Hu , Yifan Zhang , Songtao Wei , Chen Zhao , Qiannan Li , Bingzhe Li , Feng Chen

Modeling fine-grained speaking styles remains challenging for language-speech representation pre-training, as existing speech-text models are typically trained with coarse captions or task-specific supervision, and scalable fine-grained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Yifan Yang , Bing Han , Hui Wang , Wei Wang , Ziyang Ma , Long Zhou , Zengrui Jin , Guanrou Yang , Tianrui Wang , Xu Tan , Xie Chen

Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods are proposed as an alternative fine-tuning approach for Large Language Models (LLM) to minimize high training costs. While prior research demonstrates the effectiveness of PEFT methods in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Amirreza Esmaeili , Iman Saberi , Fatemeh H. Fard

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) allows model builders to capture the task-specific parameters into adapters, which are a fraction of the size of the original base model. Popularity of PEFT technique for fine-tuning has led to the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Saransh Gupta , Umesh Deshpande , Travis Janssen , Swami Sundararaman

Training large foundation models from scratch for domain-specific applications is almost impossible due to data limits and long-tailed distributions -- taking remote sensing (RS) as an example. Fine-tuning natural image pre-trained models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zichen Tian , Yaoyao Liu , Qianru Sun

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a pivotal approach to adapting large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks; however, performance often suffers from the ``seesaw phenomenon'', where indiscriminate parameter updates yield progress on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yao Wang , Di Liang , Minlong Peng

Adapting vision transformer foundation models through parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods has become increasingly popular. These methods optimize a limited subset of parameters, enabling efficient adaptation without the need to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Son Thai Ly , Hien V. Nguyen

Large pre-trained models (LPMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in diverse natural language processing and computer vision tasks. However, fully fine-tuning these models poses substantial memory challenges, particularly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Chengwei Sun , Jiwei Wei , Yujia Wu , Yiming Shi , Shiyuan He , Zeyu Ma , Ning Xie , Yang Yang

In prompt tuning, a prefix or suffix text is added to the prompt, and the embeddings (soft prompts) or token indices (hard prompts) of the prefix/suffix are optimized to gain more control over language models for specific tasks. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Shouchang Guo , Sonam Damani , Keng-hao Chang

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is crucial for customizing Large Language Models (LLMs) with constrained resources. Although there have been various PEFT methods for dense-architecture LLMs, PEFT for sparse-architecture LLMs is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Zihan Wang , Deli Chen , Damai Dai , Runxin Xu , Zhuoshu Li , Y. Wu

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced instruction-following capabilities. However, most Instruction Fine-Tuning (IFT) datasets are predominantly in English, limiting model performance in other languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Sathish Reddy Indurthi , Wenxuan Zhou , Shamil Chollampatt , Ravi Agrawal , Kaiqiang Song , Lingxiao Zhao , Chenguang Zhu

Large language model (LLM) is considered a milestone towards achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). With its advanced emergent capabilities, it adapt to a wide range of specific applications. Fine-tuning LLMs for various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , Chun-Ming Xia , Dong-Hai Zhu , Xi-He Qiu

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of text-to-image models has become an increasingly popular technique with many applications. Among the various PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and its variants have gained significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zerui Tao , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Qibin Zhao , Yuki Mitsufuji

The practice of fine-tuning Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) from general or domain-specific data to a specific task with limited resources, has gained popularity within the field of natural language processing (NLP). In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Samuel Belkadi , Lifeng Han , Yuping Wu , Goran Nenadic

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a scalable solution for adapting large foundation models. While low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is widely used in speech applications, its state-of-the-art variants, e.g., VeRA, DoRA, PiSSA,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Pu Wang , Shinji Watanabe , Hugo Van hamme

Advances in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) bridged the performance gap with Full Fine-Tuning (FFT) through sophisticated analysis of pre-trained parameter spaces. Starting from drawing insights from Neural Engrams (NE) in Biological…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Gaole Dai , Chun-Kai Fan , Yiming Tang , Zhi Zhang , Yuan Zhang , Yulu Gan , Qizhe Zhang , Cheng-Ching Tseng , Shanghang Zhang , Tiejun Huang

Finetuning Large Language Models helps improve the results for domain-specific use cases. End-to-end finetuning of large language models is time and resource intensive and has high storage requirements to store the finetuned version of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Kunal Suri , Prakhar Mishra , Saumajit Saha , Atul Singh

Parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) is a key technique for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. In this paper, we study leveraging knowledge graph embeddings to improve the effectiveness of PEFT. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Xindi Luo , Zequn Sun , Jing Zhao , Zhe Zhao , Wei Hu

Instruction tuning has become an important step for finetuning pretrained language models to better follow human instructions and generalize on various tasks. Nowadays, pretrained language models become increasingly larger, and full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Pengfei He