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General-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) are frequently fine-tuned through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to enhance performance in specific domains. Better results can be achieved by distilling the chain-of-thought of a larger model at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Andrey Goncharov , Daniil Vyazhev , Petr Sychev , Edvard Khalafyan , Alexey Zaytsev

The utilization of speech Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) models achieves impressive performance on Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). However, in low-resource language ASR, they encounter the domain mismatch problem between pre-trained and…

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable advancements by leveraging tools to interact with environments, a critical step toward generalized AI. However, the standard supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approach, which relies on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Junjie Ye , Yilong Wu , Sixian Li , Yuming Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan , Zhengyin Du

While large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities at task-specific applications through fine-tuning, extending these benefits across diverse languages is essential for broad accessibility. However, effective cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Danni Liu , Jan Niehues

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in multilingual contexts, yet their capacity for consistent, logically grounded alignment across languages remains underexplored. We present a controlled evaluation framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Samir Abdaljalil , Erchin Serpedin , Khalid Qaraqe , Hasan Kurban

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in reasoning, often through supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, SFT is resource-intensive, relying on large curated datasets, rejection-sampled demonstrations, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jingyuan Wang , Yankai Chen , Zhonghang Li , Chao Huang

Prior research shows that large language models (LLMs) exhibit systematic extrapolation bias when forming predictions from both experimental and real-world data, and that prompt-based approaches appear limited in alleviating this bias. We…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-05 Zhenyu Gao , Wenxi Jiang , Yutong Yan

Language models (LMs) are often adapted through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to specialize their capabilities for downstream tasks. However, in typical scenarios where the fine-tuning data is limited, e.g., compared to pre-training, SFT can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yunhun Nam , Jaehyung Kim , Jongheon Jeong

Reasoning capability plays a significantly critical role in the the broad applications of Large Language Models (LLMs). To enhance the reasoning performance of LLMs, diverse Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based fine-tuning approaches have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Wenqiao Zhu , Ji Liu , Rongjuncheng Zhang , Haipang Wu , Yulun Zhang

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) enable feature-level mechanistic interpretability and activation steering in large language models (LLMs), but SAE-based language control remains unreliable in multilingual settings: most SAEs are trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yusser Al Ghussin , Daniil Gurgurov , Tanja Baeumel , Josef van Genabith , Patrick Schramowski , Simon Ostermann

This paper presents an efficient decoding approach for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E-ASR) with large language models (LLMs). Although shallow fusion is the most common approach to incorporate language models into E2E-ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Takaaki Hori , Martin Kocour , Adnan Haider , Erik McDermott , Xiaodan Zhuang

This paper investigates how Large Language Models (LLMs) represent non-English tokens -- a question that remains underexplored despite recent progress. We propose a lightweight intervention method using representation steering, where a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Omar Mahmoud , Buddhika Laknath Semage , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana

Motivation. Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable proficiency in diverse software engineering (SE) tasks. Handling such tasks typically involves acquiring foundational coding knowledge on large, general-purpose datasets…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-02 José Antonio Hernández López , Boqi Chen , Mootez Saaz , Tushar Sharma , Dániel Varró

Code-switching, the act of alternating between languages, emerged as a prevalent global phenomenon that needs to be addressed for building user-friendly language technologies. A main bottleneck in this pursuit is data scarcity, motivating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Injy Hamed , Ngoc Thang Vu , Nizar Habash

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown great capabilities in a wide range of tasks, exhibiting state-of-the-art performance through zero-shot or few-shot prompting methods. While there have been extensive studies on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Ruochen Zhang , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Jan Christian Blaise Cruz , Genta Indra Winata , Alham Fikri Aji

Large language models (LLMs) show strong multilingual capabilities, yet reliably controlling the language of their outputs remains difficult. Representation-level steering addresses this by adding language-specific vectors to model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Sing Hieng Wong , Hassan Sajjad , A. B. Siddique

Supervised finetuning (SFT) on instruction datasets has played a crucial role in achieving the remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities observed in modern large language models (LLMs). However, the annotation efforts required to…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but controlling their behavior reliably remains challenging, especially in open-ended generation settings. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Zirui He , Mingyu Jin , Bo Shen , Ali Payani , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

Small Language Models (SLMs) are increasingly being deployed in resource-constrained environments, yet their behavioral robustness to data contamination during instruction tuning remains poorly understood. We systematically investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Nicy Scaria , Silvester John Joseph Kennedy , Deepak Subramani

Recent advances show that large language models (LLMs) generalize strong performance across different natural language benchmarks. However, the large size of LLMs makes training and inference expensive and impractical to run in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Laurence Liang