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This paper presents robust inference methods for general linear hypotheses in linear panel data models with latent group structure in the coefficients. We employ a selective conditional inference approach, deriving the conditional…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-25 Oguzhan Akgun , Ryo Okui

We consider identification, inference and validation of linear panel data models when both factors and factor loadings are accounted for by a nonparametric function. This general specification encompasses rather popular models such as the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-06-13 Juan M. Rodriguez-Poo , Alexandra Soberon , Stefan Sperlich

Clustering is part of unsupervised analysis methods that consist in grouping samples into homogeneous and separate subgroups of observations also called clusters. To interpret the clusters, statistical hypothesis testing is often used to…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-25 Benjamin Hivert , Denis Agniel , Rodolphe Thiébaut , Boris P Hejblum

Clustering methods such as k-means have found widespread use in a variety of applications. This paper proposes a formal testing procedure to determine whether a null hypothesis of a single cluster, indicating homogeneity of the data, can be…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-07-18 Andrew J. Patton , Brian M. Weller

Panel data analysis is an important topic in statistics and econometrics. Traditionally, in panel data analysis, all individuals are assumed to share the same unknown parameters, e.g. the same coefficients of covariates when the linear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-09 Heng Lian , Xinghao Qiao , Wenyang Zhang

This article proposes a novel estimator for regression coefficients in clustered data that explicitly accounts for within-cluster dependence. We study the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator under both finite and infinite…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-05 Subhodeep Dey , Gopal K. Basak , Samarjit Das

Conformal Prediction (CP) stands out as a robust framework for uncertainty quantification, which is crucial for ensuring the reliability of predictions. However, common CP methods heavily rely on data exchangeability, a condition often…

Causal inference analyses often use existing observational data, which in many cases has some clustering of individuals. In this paper we discuss propensity score weighting methods in a multilevel setting where within clusters individuals…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-24 Youjin Lee , Trang Q. Nguyen , Elizabeth A. Stuart

In this project we are interested in performing clustering of observations such that the cluster membership is influenced by a set of predictors. To that end, we employ the Bayesian nonparameteric Common Atoms Model, which is a nested…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-11 Md Yasin Ali Parh , Jeremy T. Gaskins

We introduce a general semiparametric clusterwise elliptical distribution to assess how latent cluster structure shapes continuous outcomes. Using a subjectwise representation, we first estimate cluster-specific mean vectors and a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-10 Jen-Chieh Teng , Sheng-Hsin Fan , Chin-Tsang Chiang , Ming-Yueh Huang , Alvin Lim

Clustering is widely used in unsupervised learning to find homogeneous groups of observations within a dataset. However, clustering mixed-type data remains a challenge, as few existing approaches are suited for this task. This study…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-26 Badih Ghattas , Alvaro Sanchez San-Benito

The assumption of group heterogeneity has become popular in panel data models. We develop a constrained Bayesian grouped estimator that exploits researchers' prior beliefs on groups in a form of pairwise constraints, indicating whether a…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-10-31 Boyuan Zhang

Expert systems applications that involve uncertain inference can be represented by a multidimensional contingency table. These tables offer a general approach to inferring with uncertain evidence, because they can embody any form of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 David S. Vaughan , Bruce M. Perrin , Robert M. Yadrick , Peter D. Holden , Karl G. Kempf

We consider clustering in group decision making where the opinions are given by pairwise comparison matrices. In particular, the k-medoids model is suggested to classify the matrices since it has a linear programming problem formulation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Kolos Csaba Ágoston , Sándor Bozóki , László Csató

We study contextual chance-constrained programming under decision-dependent uncertainty. In this setting, a decision not only needs to satisfy constraints but also alters the distribution of uncertain outcomes. This dependency makes the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Xiangting Liu , Shengran Wang , Kaile Yan , Zhi-Hai Zhang

Unsupervised learning, and more specifically clustering, suffers from the need for expertise in the field to be of use. Researchers must make careful and informed decisions on which algorithm to use with which set of hyperparameters for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Antoine Zambelli

Deep neural networks has been increasingly applied in fault diagnostics, where it uses historical data to capture systems behavior, bypassing the need for high-fidelity physical models. However, despite their competence in prediction tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Arman Mohammadi , Mattias Krysander , Daniel Jung , Erik Frisk

The analysis of decision making under uncertainty is closely related to the analysis of probabilistic inference. Indeed, much of the research into efficient methods for probabilistic inference in expert systems has been motivated by the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Ross D. Shachter , Mark Alan Peot

Approximating time-varying unobserved heterogeneity by discrete types has become increasingly popular in economics. Yet, provably valid post-clustering inference for target parameters in models that do not impose an exact group structure is…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-20 Jad Beyhum , Martin Mugnier

This study introduces a general semiparametric clusterwise index distribution model to analyze how latent clusters affect the covariate-response relationships. By employing sufficient dimension reduction to account for the effects of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Jen-Chieh Teng , Chin-Tsang Chiang