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Generative image reconstruction algorithms such as measurement conditioned diffusion models are increasingly popular in the field of medical imaging. These powerful models can transform low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) inputs into outputs…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Matthew Tivnan , Siyeop Yoon , Zhennong Chen , Xiang Li , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li

Recent image Super-Resolution (SR) models are achieving impressive effects in reconstructing details and delivering visually pleasant outputs. However, the overpowering generative ability can sometimes hallucinate and thus change the image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Josep M. Rocafort , Shaolin Su , Alexandra Gomez-Villa , Javier Vazquez-Corral

Generative models are prone to hallucinations: plausible but incorrect structures absent in the ground truth. This issue is problematic in image restoration for safety-critical domains such as medical imaging, industrial inspection, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Seunghoi Kim , Henry F. J. Tregidgo , Chen Jin , Matteo Figini , Daniel C. Alexander

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown impressive capabilities in multi-step reasoning tasks. However, alongside these successes, a more deceptive form of model error has emerged--Reasoning Hallucination--where logically coherent but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhongxiang Sun , Qipeng Wang , Haoyu Wang , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

Face super-resolution (FSR), also known as face hallucination, which is aimed at enhancing the resolution of low-resolution (LR) face images to generate high-resolution (HR) face images, is a domain-specific image super-resolution problem.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Junjun Jiang , Chenyang Wang , Xianming Liu , Jiayi Ma

We aim to super-resolve digital paintings, synthesizing realistic details from high-resolution reference painting materials for very large scaling factors (e.g., 8X, 16X). However, previous single image super-resolution (SISR) methods would…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-31 Yulun Zhang , Zhifei Zhang , Stephen DiVerdi , Zhaowen Wang , Jose Echevarria , Yun Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in language comprehension and generation but are prone to hallucinations, producing factually incorrect or unsupported outputs. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems address this issue by grounding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Chandana Sree Mala , Gizem Gezici , Fosca Giannotti

Super-resolution (SR) is an ill-posed inverse problem with a large set of feasible solutions that are consistent with a given low-resolution image. Various deterministic algorithms aim to find a single solution that balances fidelity and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-13 Cansu Korkmaz , Ege Cirakman , A. Murat Tekalp , Zafer Dogan

Existing diffusion-based super-resolution approaches often exhibit semantic ambiguities due to inaccuracies and incompleteness in their text conditioning, coupled with the inherent tendency for cross-attention to divert towards irrelevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Chen Chen , Majid Abdolshah , Violetta Shevchenko , Hongdong Li , Chang Xu , Pulak Purkait

Despite the proven significance of hyperspectral images (HSIs) in performing various computer vision tasks, its potential is adversely affected by the low-resolution (LR) property in the spatial domain, resulting from multiple physical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Chanyue Wu , Dong Wang , Hanyu Mao , Ying Li

Face super-resolution is a challenging and highly ill-posed problem since a low-resolution (LR) face image may correspond to multiple high-resolution (HR) ones during the hallucination process and cause a dramatic identity change for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Nitin Balachandran , Jun-Cheng Chen , Rama Chellappa

Object hallucination in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is a persistent failure mode that causes the model to perceive objects absent in the image. This weakness of MLLMs is currently studied using static benchmarks with fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Aryan Yazdan Parast , Parsa Hosseini , Hesam Asadollahzadeh , Arshia Soltani Moakhar , Basim Azam , Soheil Feizi , Naveed Akhtar

Traditionally, the main focus of image super-resolution techniques is on recovering the most likely high-quality images from low-quality images, using a one-to-one low- to high-resolution mapping. Proceeding that way, we ignore the fact…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Mohamed Abderrahmen Abid , Ihsen Hedhli , Christian Gagné

Hallucination in generative AI is often treated as a technical failure to produce factually correct output. Yet this framing underrepresents the broader significance of hallucinated content in language models, which may appear fluent,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Zihao Li , Weiwei Yi , Jiahong Chen

While burst LR images are useful for improving the SR image quality compared with a single LR image, prior SR networks accepting the burst LR images are trained in a deterministic manner, which is known to produce a blurry SR image. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Kyotaro Tokoro , Kazutoshi Akita , Norimichi Ukita

Hallucination detection is critical for deploying large language models (LLMs) in real-world applications. Existing hallucination detection methods achieve strong performance when the training and test data come from the same domain, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yongxin Deng , Zhen Fang , Sharon Li , Ling Chen

Hallucinations are a type of output error produced by deep neural networks. While this has been studied in natural language processing, they have not been researched previously in automatic speech recognition. Here, we define hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Rita Frieske , Bertram E. Shi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems remain susceptible to hallucinations despite grounding in retrieved evidence. While current detection methods leverage embedding similarity and natural language inference (NLI), their reliability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Debu Sinha

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), defined as the generation of content inconsistent with facts or context, represent a core obstacle to their reliable deployment in critical domains. Current research primarily focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yanyi Liu , Qingwen Yang , Tiezheng Guo , Feiyu Qu , Jun Liu , Yingyou Wen

Segmentation Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have significantly advanced grounded visual understanding, yet they remain prone to pixel-grounding hallucinations, producing masks for incorrect objects or for objects that are entirely absent.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Xinzhuo Li , Adheesh Juvekar , Jiaxun Zhang , Xingyou Liu , Muntasir Wahed , Kiet A. Nguyen , Yifan Shen , Tianjiao Yu , Ismini Lourentzou
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