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We present a statistical analysis of the extremely bright, apparently non-repeating fast radio burst FRB 20250316A, detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME), to assess its rarity. Using a model-agnostic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 Wen-Long Zhang , Jun-Jie Wei

We have recently completed a search of 6 years of archival BATSE data for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that were too faint to activate the real-time burst detection system running onboard the spacecraft. These "non-triggered" bursts can be…

Many of the important conclusions about Gamma-Ray Bursts follow from the distributions of various quantities such as peak flux or duration. We show that for astrophysical transients such as bursts, multiple selection thresholds can lead to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Vahe Petrosian , Theodore T. Lee

We searched for anomalously long GRBs (GRBs) in the archival records of the Burst and Transient Sources Experiment (BATSE). Ten obvious superlong (>500 s) GRBs with almost continuous emission episodes were found. Nine of these events are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Yana Tikhomirova , Boris E. Stern

We argue that recent observations of afterglows and some theoretical considerations indicate that the gamma-ray fluence may be a better measure of strength of a burst than its peak flux. We discuss how the distribution of the fluence, or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-06 Vahe' Petrosian , Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning

One of the most important discoveries in the observation of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is that the total energy emitted by a GRB in gamma-rays has a very narrow distribution around 10^51 erg, which has led people to claim that GRBs are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-16 Li-Xin Li

It is often stated that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have typical energies of several hundred keV. Is this a real feature of GRBs or is it due to an observational bias? We consider the possibility that bursts of a given bolometric luminosity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Tsvi Piran , Ramesh Narayan

On March 7th, 2023 the \textit{Fermi} Gamma-ray Burst Monitor observed the second highest fluence gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever, GRB~230307A. With a duration beyond 100~s, GRB~230307A contains a multitude of rapidly-varying peaks, and was so…

In the current view of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) phenomena, an emission component extending up to the very-high energy (VHE, E > 30 GeV) domain is though to be a relatively common feature at least in the brightest events. This leads to an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-15 Saverio Lombardi , Alessandro Carosi , Lucio Angelo Antonelli

Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are an extremely rare outcome of the collapse of massive stars, and are typically found in the distant Universe. Because of its intrinsic luminosity ($L\sim 3 \times 10^{53}$ erg s$^{-1}$) and its…

Much of progress in gamma-ray bursts has come from the studies of distant events (redshift z~1). The brightest GRBs are the most collimated events and seen across the Universe due to their brilliance. It has long been suspected that nearest…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Sazonov , A. Lutovinov , R. Sunyaev

The discovery of a number of gamma-ray bursts with duration exceeding 1,000 seconds, in particular the exceptional case of GRB 111209A with a duration of about 25,000 seconds, has opened the question on whether these bursts form a new class…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-09 Michel Boer , Bruce Gendre , Giulia Stratta

Gamma-ray bursts are believed to be some catastrophic event in which material is ejected at a relativistic velocity, and internal collisions within this ejecta produce the observed $\gamma$-ray flash. The angular size of a causally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Pawan Kumar , Tsvi Piran

Gamma-ray bursts are traditionally classified as short and long bursts based on their $T_{\rm 90}$ value (the time interval during which an instrument observes $5\%$ to $95\%$ of gamma-ray/hard X-ray fluence). However, $T_{\rm 90}$ is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-10 Dimple , Kuntal Misra , Ankur Ghosh , K. G. Arun , Rahul Gupta , Amit Kumar , L. Resmi , S. B. Pandey , Lallan Yadav

In the use and interpretation of $\log{N}$--$\log{S}$ distributions for gamma-ray bursts, burst peak flux has typically been used for $S$. We consider here the use of the fluence as a measure of $S$, which may be a more appropriate quantity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Vahe Petrosian , Theodore T. Lee

The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board of the Fermi satellite detected emission above 30 MeV only in a small fraction of the long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) at 8 keV - 10 MeV. Those bursts…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 P. Beniamini , D. Guetta , E. Nakar , T. Piran

Gamma-ray bursts are still not fully understood events. However, their exploration could provide a useful tool for a better understanding of the early Universe because they belong to the most distant and violent objects that astronomers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-05-13 Jakub Ripa

The prompt emission of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) is still an outstanding question in the study of these cataclysmic events. Part of what makes GRBs difficult to study is how unique each event seems to be. However, aggregating many GRB…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-31 Tyler Parsotan , Hirotaka Ito

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are one of the most energetic phenomena in the cosmos, whose study probes physics extremes beyond the reach of laboratories on Earth. Our quest to unravel the origin of these events and understand their underlying…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-25 Michela Negro , Nicoló Cibrario , Eric Burns , Joshua Wood , Adam Goldstein , Tito Dal Canton
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