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To construct a quantum network with many end users, it is critical to have a cost-efficient way to distribute entanglement over different network ends. We demonstrate an entanglement access network, where the expensive resource, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-06 X. Y. Chang , D. L. Deng , X. X. Yuan , P. Y. Hou , Y. Y. Huang , L. M. Duan

Client-server models enable computations to be hosted remotely on quantum servers. We present a novel protocol for realizing this task, with practical advantages when using technology feasible in the near term. Client tasks are realized as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-30 Xiaogang Qiang , Xiaoqi Zhou , Kanin Aungskunsiri , Hugo Cable , Jeremy L. O'Brien

A quantum key distribution and identification protocol is proposed, which is based on entanglement swapping. Through choosing particles by twos from the sequence and performing Bell measurements, two communicators can detect eavesdropping,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fei Gao , Fenzhuo Guo , Qiaoyan Wen , Fuchen Zhu

Current quantum communication protocols rely heavily on classical authentication for message origin verification, leaving them vulnerable to evolving attacks that exploit classical trust assumptions. In this work, we propose a novel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Asgar Hosseinnezhad , Hadi Sabri

We investigate prepare-and-measure scenarios in which a sender and a receiver use entanglement to send quantum information over a channel with limited capacity. We formalise this framework, identify its basic properties and provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Elna Svegborn , Jef Pauwels , Armin Tavakoli

Dining-cryptographers networks (DCN) can achieve information-theoretical privacy. Unfortunately, they are not well suited for peer-to-peer networks as they are used in blockchain applications to disseminate transactions and blocks among…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-01 David Mödinger , Alexander Heß , Franz J. Hauck

Entanglement, a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, has long been recognized as a valuable resource in enabling secure communications and surpassing classical limits. However, previous research has primarily concentrated on static…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-09 Junjing Xing , Tianfeng Feng , Zhaobing Fan , Haitao Ma , Kishor Bharti , Dax Enshan Koh , Yunlong Xiao

Entanglement distribution is a crucial problem in quantum information science, owing to the essential role that entanglement plays in enabling advanced quantum protocols, including quantum teleportation and quantum cryptography. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Piotr Masajada , Marco Fellous-Asiani , Alexander Streltsov

We propose a new cryptographic protocol. It is suggested to encode information in ordinary binary form into many-qubit entangled states with the help of a quantum computer. A state of qubits (realized, e.g., with photons) is transmitted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 K. V. Bayandin , G. B. Lesovik

In blind quantum computation (BQC), a client delegates her quantum computation to a server with universal quantum computers who learns nothing about the client's private information. In measurement-based BQC model, entangled states are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-27 Xiaoqian Zhang , Weiqi Luo , Guoqiang Zeng , Jian Weng , Yaxi Yang , Minrong Chen , Xiaoqing Tan

This paper introduces two information-theoretically secure protocols that achieve quantum secure direct communication between Alice and Bob in the first case, and among Alice, Bod and Charlie in the second case. Both protocols use the same…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Theodore Andronikos , Alla Sirokofskich

Quantum communication protocols can be designed to detect eavesdropping attacks, something that classical technologies are unable to do since classical information can be replicated in a non-destructive manner. Eavesdropping detection is,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Santanu Majhi , Debajyoti Bera

The ability to reliably distribute entanglement among the nodes of a network is an essential requirement for the development of effective quantum communication protocols and the realization of useful quantum networks. It has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-25 Alessandro Laneve , Hannah McAleese , Mauro Paternostro

The distribution of entanglement between macroscopically separated parties represents a crucial protocol for future quantum information networks. Surprisingly, it has been theoretically shown that two distant systems can be entangled by…

Quantum entanglement, perhaps the most non-classical manifestation of quantum information theory, cannot be used to transmit information between remote parties. Yet, it can be used to reduce the amount of communication required to process a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-29 Gilles Brassard , Anne Broadbent , Alain Tapp

Quantum communication and quantum metrology are widely compelling applications in the field of quantum information science, and quantum remote sensing is an intersection of both. Despite their differences, there are notable commonalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Yu-Chen Liu , Yuan-Bin Cheng , Xing-Bo Pan , Ze-Zhou Sun , Dong Pan , Gui-Lu Long

Blind quantum computation allows a client without enough quantum technologies to delegate her quantum computation to a remote quantum server, while keeping her input, output and algorithm secure. In this paper, we propose a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-07 Hai-Ru Xu , Bang-Hai Wang

The emergence of quantum computing poses a formidable security challenge to network protocols traditionally safeguarded by classical cryptographic algorithms. This paper provides an exhaustive analysis of vulnerabilities introduced by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yaser Baseri , Vikas Chouhan , Abdelhakim Hafid

The integration of quantum communication protocols over Ethernet networks is proposed, showing the potential of combining classical and quantum technologies for efficient, scalable quantum networking. By leveraging the inherent strengths of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Kun Chen-Hu , Kristian S. Jensen , Petar Popovski

Secret sharing of a quantum state, or quantum secret sharing, in which a dealer wants to share certain amount of quantum information with a few players, has wide applications in quantum information. The critical criterion in a threshold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-20 He Lu , Zhen Zhang , Luo-Kan Chen , Zheng-Da Li , Chang Liu , Li Li , Nai-Le Liu , Xiongfeng Ma , Yu-Ao Chen , Jian-Wei Pan