English
Related papers

Related papers: Random Variate Generation with Formal Guarantees

200 papers

We consider the use of a single qutrit for random generation. This is possible because single qutrits exhibit contextuality features. We aim to optimize the entropy of the generated sequence. To do this, we do not rely on the KCBS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 François ARNAULT , Don ANOMAN

"A generator is a parser of randomness." This perspective on generators for random data structures is well established as folklore in the programming languages community, but it has apparently never been formalized, nor have its…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Harrison Goldstein , Benjamin C. Pierce

We show how to generate random derangements efficiently by two different techniques: random restricted transpositions and sequential importance sampling. The algorithm employing restricted transpositions can also be used to generate random…

Computation · Statistics 2020-08-17 J. R. G. Mendonça

Dynamic and non-linear systems are emerging as potential candidates for random bit generation. In this context, chaotic systems, which are both dynamic and stochastic, are particularly suitable. This paper introduces a new continuous…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-09 Ngoc T. Nguyen , Toan Q. Bui , Ghyslain Gagnon , Pascal Giard , Georges Kaddoum

Pseudorandomness has played a central role in modern cryptography, finding theoretical and practical applications to various fields of computer science. A function that generates pseudorandom strings from shorter but truly random seeds is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Tomoyuki Yamakami

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG), which combines the conditional and unconditional score functions with two coefficients summing to one, serves as a practical technique for diffusion model sampling. Theoretically, however, denoising with CFG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Mengfei Xia , Nan Xue , Yujun Shen , Ran Yi , Tieliang Gong , Yong-Jin Liu

Random numbers are a valuable commodity in gaming and gambling, simulation, conventional and quantum cryptography, and in non-conventional computing schemes such as stochastic computing. We propose to generate a random bit using a position…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Heath McCabe , Scott M. Koziol , Gregory L. Snider , Enrique P. Blair

The generation of pseudo-random discrete probability distributions is of paramount importance for a wide range of stochastic simulations spanning from Monte Carlo methods to the random sampling of quantum states for investigations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-02 Jonas Maziero

We provide a theoretical analysis for end-to-end training Discrete Flow Matching (DFM) generative models. DFM is a promising discrete generative modeling framework that learns the underlying generative dynamics by training a neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Maojiang Su , Mingcheng Lu , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Shang Wu , Zhao Song , Alex Reneau , Han Liu

Much scientific work has focused on the generation of random numbers as well as the distribution of said random numbers for use as a cryptographic key. However, emphasis is often placed on one of the two to the exclusion of the other, but…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-08-14 Nicholas Bornman , Andrew Forbes , Achim Kempf

Random features are a powerful technique for rewriting positive-definite kernels as linear products. They bring linear tools to bear in important nonlinear domains like KNNs and attention. Unfortunately, practical implementations require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Luke Sernau , Silvano Bonacina , Rif A. Saurous

We introduce a novel method for obtaining a wide variety of moments of any random variable with a well-defined moment-generating function (MGF). We derive new expressions for fractional moments and fractional absolute moments, both central…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-21 Peter Reinhard Hansen , Chen Tong

Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) emerged as a promising solution for generating truly random numbers. In the present article, we give an overview of QRNGs highlighting the merits and demerits of various strategies briefly. Then…

This paper presents a new method for automatically generating numerical invariants for imperative programs. Given a program, our procedure computes a binary input/output relation on program states which over-approximates the behaviour of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-02-03 Azadeh Farzan , Zachary Kincaid

A Gaussian process (GP)-based methodology is proposed to emulate complex dynamical computer models (or simulators). The method relies on emulating the numerical flow map of the system over an initial (short) time step, where the flow map is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-26 Hossein Mohammadi , Peter Challenor , Marc Goodfellow

Generative classifiers are constructed on the basis of a joint probability distribution and are typically learned using closed-form procedures that rely on data statistics and maximize scores related to data fitting. However, these scores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Aritz Pérez , Carlos Echegoyen , Guzmán Santafé

This paper proposes a comprehensive and unprecedented framework that streamlines the derivation of exact, compact -- yet tractable -- solutions for the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the sum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-04 Fernando Darío Almeida García , Michel Daoud Yacoub , José Cândido Silveira Santos Filho

We implement a quantum random number generator based on a balanced homodyne measurement of vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. The digitized signal is directly processed with a fast randomness extraction scheme based on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-31 Yicheng Shi , Brenda Chng , Christian Kurtsiefer

Random number generators (RNG) based on quantum mechanics are captivating due to their security and unpredictability compared to conventional generators, such as pseudo-random number generators and hardware-random number generators. This…

Capacity is an important tool in decision-making under risk and uncertainty and multi-criteria decision-making. When learning a capacity-based model, it is important to be able to generate uniformly a capacity. Due to the monotonicity…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Peiqi Sun , Michel Grabisch , Christophe Labreuche