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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a paradigm that augments large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge to tackle knowledge-intensive question answering. While several benchmarks evaluate Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) under…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yin Wu , Quanyu Long , Jing Li , Jianfei Yu , Wenya Wang

We propose a novel Auto-Regressive (AR) image generation approach that models images as hierarchical compositions of interpretable visual layers. While AR models have achieved transformative success in language modeling, replicating this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Siddharth Roheda , Rohit Chowdhury , Aniruddha Bala , Rohan Jaiswal

Autoregressive (AR) models are highly effective for image generation, yet their standard maximum-likelihood estimation training lacks direct optimization for sample quality and diversity. While reinforcement learning (RL) has been used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Orhun Buğra Baran , Melih Kandemir , Ramazan Gokberk Cinbis

Typical large vision-language models (LVLMs) apply autoregressive supervision solely to textual sequences, without fully incorporating the visual modality into the learning process. This results in three key limitations: (1) an inability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Dianyi Wang , Wei Song , Yikun Wang , Siyuan Wang , Kaicheng Yu , Zhongyu Wei , Jiaqi Wang

Diffusion language models (dLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm that enables parallel, non-autoregressive generation, but their learning efficiency lags behind that of autoregressive (AR) language models when trained from scratch. To…

Autoregressive (AR) models have reformulated image generation as next-token prediction, demonstrating remarkable potential and emerging as strong competitors to diffusion models. However, control-to-image generation, akin to ControlNet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zongming Li , Tianheng Cheng , Shoufa Chen , Peize Sun , Haocheng Shen , Longjin Ran , Xiaoxin Chen , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Recovering images from undersampled linear measurements typically leads to an ill-posed linear inverse problem, that asks for proper statistical priors. Building effective priors is however challenged by the low train and test overhead…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Morteza Mardani , Hatef Monajemi , Vardan Papyan , Shreyas Vasanawala , David Donoho , John Pauly

There exists recent work in computer vision, named VAR, that proposes a new autoregressive paradigm for image generation. Diverging from the vanilla next-token prediction, VAR structurally reformulates the image generation into a coarse to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Sucheng Ren , Yaodong Yu , Nataniel Ruiz , Feng Wang , Alan Yuille , Cihang Xie

Multimodal autoregressive (AR) models, based on next-token prediction and transformer architecture, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various multimodal tasks including text-to-image (T2I) generation. Despite their strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yi Wu , Shengju Qian , Lingting Zhu , Lei Liu , Wandi Qiao , Ziqiang Li , Lequan Yu , Bin Li

Generative recommendation (GR) typically first quantizes continuous item embeddings into multi-level semantic IDs (SIDs), and then generates the next item via autoregressive decoding. Although existing methods are already competitive in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lingyu Mu , Hao Deng , Haibo Xing , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng , Jing Zhang

Masked Autoencoders (MAE) have been prevailing paradigms for large-scale vision representation pre-training. By reconstructing masked image patches from a small portion of visible image regions, MAE forces the model to infer semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Hongwei Xue , Peng Gao , Hongyang Li , Yu Qiao , Hao Sun , Houqiang Li , Jiebo Luo

Speech-driven 3D facial animation aims to generate realistic lip movements and facial expressions for 3D head models from arbitrary audio clips. Although existing diffusion-based methods are capable of producing natural motions, their slow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Xuangeng Chu , Nabarun Goswami , Ziteng Cui , Hanqin Wang , Tatsuya Harada

Autoregressive (AR) visual generators model images as sequences of discrete tokens and are trained with a next-token likelihood objective. This strict causal supervision optimizes each step based only on the immediate next token, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yonghao Yu , Lang Huang , Zerun Wang , Runyi Li , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Generative Retrieval introduces a new approach to Information Retrieval by reframing it as a constrained generation task, leveraging recent advancements in Autoregressive (AR) language models. However, AR-based Generative Retrieval methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Ravisri Valluri , Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Kushal Dave , Amit Singh , Jian Jiao , Manik Varma , Gaurav Sinha

Recent text-to-image generative models, e.g., Stable Diffusion V3 and Flux, have achieved notable progress. However, these models are strongly restricted to their limited knowledge, a.k.a., their own fixed parameters, that are trained with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Xu Zheng , Lutao Jiang , Yibo Yan , Xin Zou , Huiyu Zhou , Linfeng Zhang , Xuming Hu

By leveraging the generative priors from pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models, significant progress has been made in real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR). However, these methods tend to generate inaccurate and unnatural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Hongyang Wei , Shuaizheng Liu , Chun Yuan , Lei Zhang

In the current paradigm of image captioning, deep learning models are trained to generate text from image embeddings of latent features. We challenge the assumption that fine-tuning of large, bespoke models is required to improve model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Steven Song , Anirudh Subramanyam , Irene Madejski , Robert L. Grossman

While inference-time scaling through search has revolutionized Large Language Models, translating these gains to image generation has proven difficult. Recent attempts to apply search strategies to continuous diffusion models show limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Erik Riise , Mehmet Onurcan Kaya , Dim P. Papadopoulos

Real-world perception and interaction are inherently multimodal, encompassing not only language but also vision and speech, which motivates the development of "Omni" MLLMs that support both multimodal inputs and multimodal outputs. While a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Dongjie Cheng , Ruifeng Yuan , Yongqi Li , Runyang You , Wenjie Wang , Liqiang Nie , Lei Zhang , Wenjie Li

Speech enhancement remains challenging due to the trade-off between efficiency and perceptual quality. In this paper, we introduce MAGE, a Masked Audio Generative Enhancer that advances generative speech enhancement through a compact and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 The Hieu Pham , Tan Dat Nguyen , Phuong Thanh Tran , Joon Son Chung , Duc Dung Nguyen