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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have gained significant attention due to their strong multimodal understanding capability. However, existing works rely heavily on modality-specific encoders, which usually differ in architecture and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Jiaming Han , Kaixiong Gong , Yiyuan Zhang , Jiaqi Wang , Kaipeng Zhang , Dahua Lin , Yu Qiao , Peng Gao , Xiangyu Yue

Visual-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in image captioning, visual question answering, and visual reasoning. Yet they remain prone to vision-language misalignment, often producing overly generic or hallucinated…

Recent advances in clinical AI have enabled remarkable progress across many clinical domains. However, existing benchmarks and models are primarily limited to a small set of modalities and tasks, which hinders the development of large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Wei Dai , Peilin Chen , Malinda Lu , Daniel Li , Haowen Wei , Hejie Cui , Paul Pu Liang

Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) offer powerful cross-modality capabilities but introduce new safety risks not observed in single-task models. Despite their emergence, existing safety benchmarks remain fragmented across tasks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Segyu Lee , Boryeong Cho , Hojung Jung , Seokhyun An , Juhyeong Kim , Jaehyun Kwak , Yongjin Yang , Sangwon Jang , Youngrok Park , Wonjun Chang , Se-Young Yun

Image captioning has long been a pivotal task in visual understanding, with recent advancements in vision-language models (VLMs) significantly enhancing the ability to generate detailed image captions. However, the evaluation of detailed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Qinghao Ye , Xianhan Zeng , Fu Li , Chunyuan Li , Haoqi Fan

CLIP is a seminal multimodal model that maps images and text into a shared representation space through contrastive learning on billions of image-caption pairs. Inspired by the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Weiquan Huang , Aoqi Wu , Yifan Yang , Xufang Luo , Yuqing Yang , Usman Naseem , Chunyu Wang , Chunyu Wang , Qi Dai , Xiyang Dai , Dongdong Chen , Chong Luo , Lili Qiu , Liang Hu

The Controllable Image Captioning Agent (CapAgent) is an innovative system designed to bridge the gap between user simplicity and professional-level outputs in image captioning tasks. CapAgent automatically transforms user-provided simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Xinran Wang , Muxi Diao , Baoteng Li , Haiwen Zhang , Kongming Liang , Zhanyu Ma

This paper introduces QCaption, a novel video captioning and Q&A pipeline that enhances video analytics by fusing three models: key frame extraction, a Large Multimodal Model (LMM) for image-text analysis, and a Large Language Model (LLM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jiale Wang , Gee Wah Ng , Lee Onn Mak , Randall Cher , Ng Ding Hei Ryan , Davis Wang

In real-world action recognition systems, incorporating more attributes helps achieve a more comprehensive understanding of human behavior. However, using a single model to simultaneously recognize multiple attributes can lead to a decrease…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Juefeng Xiao , Tianqi Xiang , Zhigang Tu

As computers have become efficient at understanding visual information and transforming it into a written representation, research interest in tasks like automatic image captioning has seen a significant leap over the last few years. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Mohammad Faiyaz Khan , S. M. Sadiq-Ur-Rahman Shifath , Md Saiful Islam

Large-scale pre-trained multi-modal models (e.g., CLIP) demonstrate strong zero-shot transfer capability in many discriminative tasks. Their adaptation to zero-shot image-conditioned text generation tasks has drawn increasing interest.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Wei Li , Linchao Zhu , Longyin Wen , Yi Yang

Image captioning has drawn considerable attention from the natural language processing and computer vision fields. Aiming to reduce the reliance on curated data, several studies have explored image captioning without any humanly-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Rui Fonseca , Bruno Martins , Gil Rocha

Multi-modal transformers are rapidly gaining attention in video captioning tasks. Existing multi-modal video captioning methods typically extract a fixed number of frames, which raises critical challenges. When a limited number of frames…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Sangho Lee , Il Yong Chun , Hogun Park

IQ testing has served as a foundational methodology for evaluating human cognitive capabilities, deliberately decoupling assessment from linguistic background, language proficiency, or domain-specific knowledge to isolate core competencies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Huanqia Cai , Yijun Yang , Winston Hu

Knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA) involves questions that require world knowledge beyond the image to yield the correct answer. Large language models (LMs) like GPT-3 are particularly helpful for this task because of their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Yushi Hu , Hang Hua , Zhengyuan Yang , Weijia Shi , Noah A Smith , Jiebo Luo

We present ACCORD, a framework and benchmark suite for disentangling the commonsense grounding and reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) through controlled, multi-hop counterfactuals. ACCORD introduces formal elements to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-10 François Roewer-Després , Jinyue Feng , Zining Zhu , Frank Rudzicz

So far, efficient fine-tuning has become a popular strategy for enhancing the capabilities of foundation models on downstream tasks by learning plug-and-play modules. However, existing methods overlook a crucial issue: if the underlying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhengbo Wang , Jian Liang , Lijun Sheng , Ran He , Zilei Wang , Tieniu Tan

Recent retrieval-augmented image captioning methods incorporate external knowledge to compensate for the limitations in comprehending complex scenes. However, current approaches face challenges in relation modeling: (1) the representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiaosheng Long , Hanyu Wang , Zhentao Song , Kun Luo , Hongde Liu

The availability of large-scale image captioning and visual question answering datasets has contributed significantly to recent successes in vision-and-language pre-training. However, these datasets are often collected with overrestrictive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Soravit Changpinyo , Piyush Sharma , Nan Ding , Radu Soricut

Conditional human motion generation remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision and robotics. Despite significant progress, current methods are often constrained by fixed modality configurations and task-specific architectures,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yiheng Li , Zhuo Li , Ruibing Hou , Yingjie Chen , Hong Chang , Hao Liu , Shiguang Shan