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Unlike their biological cousins, the majority of existing quadrupedal robots are constructed with rigid chassis. This results in motion that is either beetle-like or distinctly robotic, lacking the natural fluidity characteristic of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Nicholas Hafner , Chaoran Liu , Carlos Ishi , Hiroshi Ishiguro

Gaits and transitions are key components in legged locomotion. For legged robots, describing and reproducing gaits as well as transitions remain longstanding challenges. Reinforcement learning has become a powerful tool to formulate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Yecheng Shao , Yongbin Jin , Xianwei Liu , Weiyan He , Hongtao Wang , Wei Yang

Motor thermal management is often overlooked in the context of electrically-actuated robots, particularly legged robots, but motor overheating is a key factor that limits long-duration locomotion especially under payload conditions. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuhang Wan , Weixian Lin , Letian Qian , Yiqi Zou , Weiwei Wu , Shengwei Wu , Chuanlin Zhao , Xin Luo

Optimization of energy cost determines average values of spatio-temporal gait parameters such as step duration, step length or step speed. However, during walking, humans need to adapt these parameters at every step to respond to exogenous…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-03-17 Klaudia Kozlowska , Miroslaw Latka , Bruce J. West

This paper is dedicated to the development of a novel adaptive torsion spring mechanism for optimizing energy consumption in legged robots. By adjusting the equilibrium position and stiffness of the spring, the system improves energy…

Previous design methodologies for spring-driven jumping robots focused on jump height optimization for specific tasks. In doing so, numerous designs have been proposed including using nonlinear spring-linkages to increase the elastic energy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-24 John Lo , Ben Parslew

This study explores the dynamics of asymmetrical bounding gaits in quadrupedal robots, focusing on the integration of torso pitching and hip motion to enhance speed and stability. Traditional control strategies often enforce a fixed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Jing Cheng , Yasser G. Alqaham , Zhenyu Gan

Achieving effective locomotion on diverse terrestrial substrates can require subtle changes of limb kinematics. Biologically inspired legged robots (physical models of organisms) have shown impressive mobility on hard ground but suffer…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Chen Li , Paul B. Umbanhowar , Haldun Komsuoglu , Daniel I. Goldman

Optimizing gait stability for legged robots is a difficult problem. Even on level surfaces, effectively traversing across different textures (e.g., carpet) rests on dynamically tuning parameters in multidimensional space. Inspired by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jack Vice , Gita Sukthankar , Pamela K. Douglas

It is important to understand how bipedal walkers balance and walk effectively on granular materials, such as sand and loose dirt, etc. This paper first presents a computational approach to obtain the motion and energy analysis of bipedal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Xunjie Chen , Jingang Yi , Hao Wang

Spring-based actuators in legged locomotion provide energy-efficiency and improved performance, but increase the difficulty of controller design. While previous work has focused on extensive modeling and simulation to find optimal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Antonin Raffin , Daniel Seidel , Jens Kober , Alin Albu-Schäffer , João Silvério , Freek Stulp

Reinforcement learning method is extremely competitive in gait generation techniques for quadrupedal robot, which is mainly due to the fact that stochastic exploration in reinforcement training is beneficial to achieve an autonomous gait.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Yu Wang , Wenchuan Jia , Yi Sun , Dong He

Walking motion planning based on Divergent Component of Motion (DCM) and Linear Inverted Pendulum Model (LIPM) is one of the alternatives that could be implemented to generate online humanoid robot gait trajectories. This algorithm requires…

The study of biomechanics during locomotion provides valuable insights into the effects of varying conditions on specific movement patterns. This research focuses on examining the influence of different shoe parameters on walking…

This paper presents a framework that leverages both control theory and machine learning to obtain stable and robust bipedal locomotion without the need for manual parameter tuning. Traditionally, gaits are generated through trajectory…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Maegan Tucker , Noel Csomay-Shanklin , Wen-Loong Ma , Aaron D. Ames

In this paper, we explore the space of running gaits for the bipedal robot Cassie. Our first contribution is to present an approach for optimizing gait efficiency across a spectrum of speeds with the aim of enabling extremely high-speed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Devin Crowley , Jeremy Dao , Helei Duan , Kevin Green , Jonathan Hurst , Alan Fern

A vast number of applications for legged robots entail tasks in complex, dynamic environments. But these environments put legged robots at high risk for limb damage. This paper presents an empirical study of fault tolerant dynamic gaits…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Abriana Stewart-Height , Daniel E. Koditschek

We show dynamic locomotion strategies for wheeled quadrupedal robots, which combine the advantages of both walking and driving. The developed optimization framework tightly integrates the additional degrees of freedom introduced by the…

Control of systems of automated guided vehicles involves action planning at many levels. For efficient control of these systems, accurate estimation of cost parameters (speed, energy, task completion performance, \textit{et~cetera} is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Pragna Das , Lluís Ribas Xirgo

This paper presents a method for achieving high-speed running of a quadruped robot by considering the actuator torque-speed operating region in reinforcement learning. The physical properties and constraints of the actuator are included in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Young-Ha Shin , Tae-Gyu Song , Gwanghyeon Ji , Hae-Won Park