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Solving differential equations efficiently and accurately sits at the heart of progress in many areas of scientific research, from classical dynamical systems to quantum mechanics. There is a surge of interest in using Physics-Informed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Shaan Desai , Marios Mattheakis , Hayden Joy , Pavlos Protopapas , Stephen Roberts

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning a mesh-free, differentiable solution that can be evaluated anywhere in space and time. However, standard space--time PINNs take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen-Yang Dai , Che-Chia Chang , Te-Sheng Lin , Ming-Chih Lai , Chieh-Hsin Lai

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are one popular approach to incorporate a priori knowledge about physical systems into the learning framework. PINNs are known to be robust for smaller training sets, derive better generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Birgit Hillebrecht , Benjamin Unger

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have garnered significant interest for their potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) that govern a wide range of physical phenomena. By incorporating physical laws into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jian Cheng Wong , Isaac Yin Chung Lai , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

We develop improved physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for high-order and high-dimensional power system models described by nonlinear ordinary differential equations. We propose some novel enhancements to improve PINN training and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Vineet Jagadeesan Nair

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently become a powerful tool for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, finding a set of neural network parameters that lead to fulfilling a PDE can be challenging and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Aleksandr Dekhovich , Marcel H. F. Sluiter , David M. J. Tax , Miguel A. Bessa

Deep learning has been shown to be an effective tool in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs embed the PDE residual into the loss function of the neural network, and have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jeremy Yu , Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

Differential equations are indispensable to engineering and hence to innovation. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have emerged as a novel method for solving differential equations. PINN method has the advantage of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Mayank Raj , Pramod Kumbhar , Ratna Kumar Annabattula

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a newly emerging research frontier in machine learning, which incorporate certain physical laws that govern a given data set, e.g., those described by partial differential equations (PDEs), into…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Bo Wang , A. K. Qin , Sajjad Shafiei , Hussein Dia , Adriana-Simona Mihaita , Hanna Grzybowska

Improving diesel engine efficiency, reducing emissions, and enabling robust health monitoring have been critical research topics in engine modelling. While recent advancements in the use of neural networks for system monitoring have shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Kamaljyoti Nath , Varun Kumar , Daniel J. Smith , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

This paper proposes a Curriculum-Transfer-Learning based physics-informed neural network (CTL-PINN) for long-term simulation of physical and mechanical behaviors. The main innovation of CTL-PINN lies in decomposing long-term problems into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yuan Guo , Zhuojia Fu , Jian Min , Shiyu Lin , Xiaoting Liu , Youssef F. Rashed , Xiaoying Zhuang

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative for extracting unknown quantities from experimental data. Despite this potential, much of the recent literature has relied on sparse, high-fidelity…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Christian Toma , Bharathram Ganapathisubramani , Sean Symon

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have attracted significant attention for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) in recent years because they alleviate the curse of dimensionality that appears in traditional methods. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yihang Gao , Ka Chun Cheung , Michael K. Ng

Deep learning models trained on finite data lack a complete understanding of the physical world. On the other hand, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are infused with such knowledge through the incorporation of mathematically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jian Cheng Wong , Abhishek Gupta , Chin Chun Ooi , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Jiao Liu , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an increasingly powerful way to solve partial differential equations, generate digital twins, and create neural surrogates of physical models. In this manuscript we detail the inner workings of…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as an effective technique for solving PDEs in a wide range of domains. It is noticed, however, the performance of PINNs can vary dramatically with different sampling procedures. For…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Zhiwei Gao , Liang Yan , Tao Zhou

Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is a novel multi-task learning framework useful for solving physical problems modeled using differential equations (DEs) by integrating the knowledge of physics and known constraints into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Shivprasad Kathane , Shyamprasad Karagadde

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are at the forefront of scientific machine learning, making possible the creation of machine intelligence that is cognizant of physical laws and able to accurately simulate them. However, today's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jian Cheng Wong , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Joshua Shao Zheng Low , My Ha Dao , Yew-Soon Ong