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Explaining the decision-making processes of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models is crucial for addressing their "black box" nature, particularly in tasks like image classification. Traditional eXplainable AI (XAI) methods typically rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Yifei Zhang , Tianxu Jiang , Bo Pan , Jingyu Wang , Guangji Bai , Liang Zhao

Existing Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) models often suffer from language biases, where spurious correlations between question types and answer categories are inadvertently established. To address these issues, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Huanjia Zhu , Yishu Liu , Xiaozhao Fang , Guangming Lu , Bingzhi Chen

Language models trained with a fixed vocabulary struggle to generalize to novel or out-of-vocabulary words, limiting their flexibility in handling diverse token combinations. Existing dynamic vocabulary approaches attempt to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wei Du , Nuowei Liu , Jie Wang , Jiahao Kuang , Tao Ji , Xiaoling Wang , Yuanbin Wu

GQA~\citep{hudson2019gqa} is a dataset for real-world visual reasoning and compositional question answering. We found that many answers predicted by the best vision-language models on the GQA dataset do not match the ground-truth answer but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Man Luo , Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Riley Tallman , Yankai Zeng , Manuha Vancha , Akarshan Sajja , Chitta Baral

This paper proposes a question-answering (QA) benchmark for spatial reasoning on natural language text which contains more realistic spatial phenomena not covered by prior work and is challenging for state-of-the-art language models (LM).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Roshanak Mirzaee , Hossein Rajaby Faghihi , Qiang Ning , Parisa Kordjmashidi

Recently, there has been an increasing number of efforts to introduce models capable of generating natural language explanations (NLEs) for their predictions on vision-language (VL) tasks. Such models are appealing, because they can provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Maxime Kayser , Oana-Maria Camburu , Leonard Salewski , Cornelius Emde , Virginie Do , Zeynep Akata , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Benefiting from strong generalization ability, pre-trained vision language models (VLMs), e.g., CLIP, have been widely utilized in zero-shot scene understanding. Unlike simple recognition tasks, grounded situation recognition (GSR) requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Jiaming Lei , Lin Li , Chunping Wang , Jun Xiao , Long Chen

The open-ended Visual Question Answering (VQA) task requires AI models to jointly reason over visual and natural language inputs using world knowledge. Recently, pre-trained Language Models (PLM) such as GPT-3 have been applied to the task…

Recently, 3D vision-and-language tasks have attracted increasing research interest. Compared to other vision-and-language tasks, the 3D visual question answering (VQA) task is less exploited and is more susceptible to language priors and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Lichen Zhao , Daigang Cai , Jing Zhang , Lu Sheng , Dong Xu , Rui Zheng , Yinjie Zhao , Lipeng Wang , Xibo Fan

Despite recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), reliable visual question answering in aerial scenes remains challenging. In such scenes, task-critical evidence is often carried by small objects, explicit quantities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junxiao Xue , Quan Deng , Tingqi Hu , Meicong Si , Xinyi Yin , Yunyun Shi , Xuecheng Wu

Multi-modal tasks involving vision and language in deep learning continue to rise in popularity and are leading to the development of newer models that can generalize beyond the extent of their training data. The current models lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Ethan Shen , Scotty Singh , Bhavesh Kumar

Document Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires models to not only extract accurate textual answers but also precisely localize them within document images, a capability critical for interpretability in high-stakes applications. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ahmad Mohammadshirazi , Pinaki Prasad Guha Neogi , Dheeraj Kulshrestha , Rajiv Ramnath

A reliable driving assistant should provide consistent responses based on temporally grounded reasoning derived from observed information. In this work, we investigate whether Vision-Language Models (VLMs), when applied as driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Chun-Peng Chang , Chen-Yu Wang , Holger Caesar , Alain Pagani

Text-based Visual Question Answering~(TextVQA) aims to produce correct answers for given questions about the images with multiple scene texts. In most cases, the texts naturally attach to the surface of the objects. Therefore, spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hao Li , Jinfa Huang , Peng Jin , Guoli Song , Qi Wu , Jie Chen

Video foundation models generate visually realistic and temporally coherent content, but their reliability as world simulators depends on whether they capture physical, logical, and spatial constraints. Existing metrics such as Frechet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Zefan Cai , Haoyi Qiu , Tianyi Ma , Haozhe Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Parisa Kordjamshidi , Minjia Zhang , Wen Xiao , Jiuxiang Gu , Nanyun Peng , Junjie Hu

Existing aerial Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) methods predominantly adopt a detection-and-planning pipeline, which converts open-vocabulary detections into discrete textual scene graphs. These approaches are plagued by inadequate spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haoyu Tong , Xiangyu Dong , Xiaoguang Ma , Haoran Zhao , Yaoming Zhou , Chenghao Lin

Visual grounding (VG) aims to establish fine-grained alignment between vision and language. Ideally, it can be a testbed for vision-and-language models to evaluate their understanding of the images and texts and their reasoning abilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Zhihong Chen , Ruifei Zhang , Yibing Song , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has attracted much attention since it offers insight into the relationships between the multi-modal analysis of images and natural language. Most of the current algorithms are incapable of answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Guohao Li , Hang Su , Wenwu Zhu

Visual grounding is an essential capability of Visual Language Models (VLMs) to understand the real physical world. Previous state-of-the-art grounding visual language models usually have large model sizes, making them heavy for deployment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Guanqi Zhan , Changye Li , Zhijian Liu , Yao Lu , Yi Wu , Song Han , Ligeng Zhu

Zero-shot 3D visual grounding requires localizing objects in unstructured environments from free-form natural language. Recent vision-language model (VLM) approaches achieve promising results but rely on view-dependent reasoning or implicit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xuefei Sun , Xujia Zhang , Brendan Crowe , Doncey Albin , Christoffer Heckman