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Lithium niobate (LN) is a promising material for building acoustic resonators used in quantum applications, but its performance is limited by poorly understood material defects called two-level systems (TLS). In this work, we fabricate…

We perform an experimental and numerical study of dielectric loss in superconducting microwave resonators at low temperature. Dielectric loss, due to two-level systems, is a limiting factor in several applications, e.g. superconducting…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 David Niepce , Jonathan Burnett , Martí Gutierrez Latorre , Jonas Bylander

We present measurements of the temperature and power dependence of the resonance frequency and frequency noise of superconducting niobium thin-film coplanar waveguide resonators, carried out at temperatures well below the superconducting…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-13 Shwetank Kumar , Jiansong Gao , Jonas Zmuidzinas , Benjamin A. Mazin , Henry G. LeDuc , Peter K. Day

Superconducting microwave cavities have found applications in many areas including quantum computing, particle accelerators, and dark matter searches. Their extremely high quality factors translate to very narrow bandwidth, which makes them…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-05-01 J. C. Esmenda , E. A. Laird , I. Bailey , N. Du , S. Durham , G. Carosi , T. Gamble , P. Smith , E. Daw , Y. A. Pashkin

Parasitic two-level tunneling systems (TLS) emerge in amorphous dielectrics and constitute a serious nuisance for various microfabricated devices, where they act as a source of noise and decoherence. Here, we demonstrate a new test bed for…

Superconductivity · Physics 2017-09-19 Jan David Brehm , Alexander Bilmes , Georg Weiss , Alexey V. Ustinov , Jürgen Lisenfeld

The low temperature properties of amorphous solids are usually explained in terms of atomic-scale tunneling two level systems (TLS). For almost 20 years, individual TLS have been probed in insulating layers of superconducting quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Richard Pedurand , Ilya Golokolenov , Mika Sillanpää , Laure Mercier de Lépinay , Eddy Collin , Andrew Fefferman

Measuring the losses arising from different materials and interfaces is crucial to improving the coherence of superconducting quantum circuits. Although this has been of interest for a long time, current studies can either only provide…

The overall, loaded quality factor $Q_\mathrm{L}$ quantifies the loss of energy stored in a resonator. Here we discuss on general grounds how $Q_\mathrm{L}$ of a planar microwave resonator made of a conventional superconductor should depend…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-12-12 Elies Ben Achour , Cenk Beydeda , Gabriele Untereiner , Martin Dressel , Marc Scheffler

The high critical magnetic field and relatively high critical temperature of niobium nitride (NbN) make it a promising material candidate for applications in superconducting quantum technology. However, NbN-based devices and circuits are…

The recent realization of millisecond-scale coherence with tantalum-on-silicon transmon qubits showed that depositing the Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junction in a high purity, ultrahigh vacuum environment was critical for achieving…

We introduce a data-driven approach for extracting two-level system (TLS) parameters-frequency $\omega_{TLS}$, coupling strength $g$, dissipation time $T_{TLS, 1}$, and the pure dephasing time $T^{\phi}_{TLS, 2}$, labelled as a 4-component…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Avinash Pathapati , Olli Mansikkamäki , Alexander Tyner , Alexander V. Balatsky

In this work, novel, high-throughput metrology methods are used to perform a detailed performance loss analysis of approximately 400 industrial crystalline silicon solar cells, all coming from the same production line. The characterization…

We present a method to systematically locate and extract capacitive and inductive losses in superconducting resonators at microwave frequencies by use of mixed-material, lumped element devices. In these devices, ultra-low loss titanium…

We present a lattice-renormalized formalism for configurational tunneling two-level systems (TLS) that overcomes limitations of minimum-energy-path and light-particle models. Derived from the nuclear Hamiltonian, our formulation introduces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 P. G. Pritchard , James M. Rondinelli

Recent experimental results showing untypical nonlinear absorption and marked deviations from well known universality in the low temperature acoustic and dielectric losses in amorphous solids prove the need for improving the understanding…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-07-20 Moshe Schechter , Peter Nalbach , Alexander L. Burin

Surface distributions of two level system (TLS) defects and magnetic vortices are limiting dissipation sources in superconducting quantum circuits. Arrays of flux-trapping holes are commonly used to eliminate loss due to magnetic vortices,…

Modular architectures are a promising route toward scalable superconducting quantum processors, but finite fabrication yield and the lack of high quality temporary interconnects impose fundamental limitations on system size. Here, we…

We numerically and experimentally investigate the phononic loss for superconducting resonators fabricated on a piezoelectric substrate. With the help of finite element method simulations, we calculate the energy loss due to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Marco Scigliuzzo , Laure E. Bruhat , Andreas Bengtsson , Jonathan J. Burnett , Anita Fadavi Roudsari , Per Delsing

We have designed and fabricated superconducting coplanar waveguide resonators with fundamental frequencies from 2 to $9 \rm{GHz}$ and loaded quality factors ranging from a few hundreds to a several hundred thousands reached at temperatures…

Superconductivity · Physics 2008-12-16 M. Göppl , A. Fragner , M. Baur , R. Bianchetti , S. Filipp , J. M. Fink , P. J. Leek , G. Puebla , L. Steffen , A. Wallraff

Microscopic two-level system (TLS) defects at dielectric surfaces and interfaces are among the dominant sources of loss in superconducting quantum circuits, and their properties have been extensively probed using superconducting resonators…