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We examine the relationship between the mutual information between the output model and the empirical sample and the generalization of the algorithm in the context of stochastic convex optimization. Despite increasing interest in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Roi Livni

Most existing works on continual learning (CL) focus on overcoming the catastrophic forgetting (CF) problem, with dynamic models and replay methods performing exceptionally well. However, since current works tend to assume exclusivity or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Sijia Wang , Yoojin Choi , Junya Chen , Mostafa El-Khamy , Ricardo Henao

Continual Learning (CL) algorithms incrementally learn a predictor or representation across multiple sequentially observed tasks. Designing CL algorithms that perform reliably and avoid so-called catastrophic forgetting has proven a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Jeremias Knoblauch , Hisham Husain , Tom Diethe

Information-theoretic (IT) generalization bounds have been used to study the generalization of learning algorithms. These bounds are intrinsically data- and algorithm-dependent so that one can exploit the properties of data and algorithm to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Ze Peng , Jian Zhang , Yisen Wang , Lei Qi , Yinghuan Shi , Yang Gao

Generalization error (also known as the out-of-sample error) measures how well the hypothesis learned from training data generalizes to previously unseen data. Proving tight generalization error bounds is a central question in statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Jian Li , Xuanyuan Luo , Mingda Qiao

The generalization error of a learning algorithm refers to the discrepancy between the loss of a learning algorithm on training data and that on unseen testing data. Various information-theoretic bounds on the generalization error have been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Xuetong Wu , Jonathan H. Manton , Uwe Aickelin , Jingge Zhu

This paper presents a general methodology for deriving information-theoretic generalization bounds for learning algorithms. The main technical tool is a probabilistic decorrelation lemma based on a change of measure and a relaxation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Yifeng Chu , Maxim Raginsky

Generalization error bounds from learning theory provide statistical guarantees on how well an algorithm will perform on previously unseen data. In this paper, we characterize the impacts of data non-IIDness due to censored feedback (a.k.a.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Yifan Yang , Ali Payani , Parinaz Naghizadeh

We study the Out-of-Distribution (OOD) generalization in machine learning and propose a general framework that establishes information-theoretic generalization bounds. Our framework interpolates freely between Integral Probability Metric…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Wenliang Liu , Guanding Yu , Lele Wang , Renjie Liao

Algorithm-dependent generalization error bounds are central to statistical learning theory. A learning algorithm may use a large hypothesis space, but the limited number of iterations controls its model capacity and generalization error.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-20 Wenlong Mou , Liwei Wang , Xiyu Zhai , Kai Zheng

Meta continual learning algorithms seek to train a model when faced with similar tasks observed in a sequential manner. Despite promising methodological advancements, there is a lack of theoretical frameworks that enable analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 R. Krishnan , Prasanna Balaprakash

Contrastive Representation Learning (CRL) has achieved impressive success in various domains in recent years. Nevertheless, the theoretical understanding of the generalization behavior of CRL has remained limited. Moreover, to the best of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-29 Nong Minh Hieu , Antoine Ledent

Continual learning (CL) in the brain is facilitated by a complex set of mechanisms. This includes the interplay of multiple memory systems for consolidating information as posited by the complementary learning systems (CLS) theory and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Fahad Sarfraz , Elahe Arani , Bahram Zonooz

Continual learning (CL) has traditionally focused on minimizing exemplar memory, a constraint often misaligned with modern systems where GPU time, not storage, is the primary bottleneck. This paper challenges this paradigm by investigating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Dongkyu Cho , Taesup Moon , Rumi Chunara , Kyunghyun Cho , Sungmin Cha

Continual learning (CL) provides a framework for training models in ever-evolving environments. Although re-occurrence of previously seen objects or tasks is common in real-world problems, the concept of repetition in the data stream is not…

Continual learning (CL) is a learning paradigm that emulates the human capability of learning and accumulating knowledge continually without forgetting the previously learned knowledge and also transferring the learned knowledge to help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

In Continual Learning (CL), a neural network is trained on a stream of data whose distribution changes over time. In this context, the main problem is how to learn new information without forgetting old knowledge (i.e., Catastrophic…

This research delves deeply into Meta Reinforcement Learning (Meta RL) through a exploration focusing on defining generalization limits and ensuring convergence. By employing a approach this article introduces an innovative theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Cangqing Wang , Mingxiu Sui , Dan Sun , Zecheng Zhang , Yan Zhou

Humans' continual learning (CL) ability is closely related to Stability Versus Plasticity Dilemma that describes how humans achieve ongoing learning capacity and preservation for learned information. The notion of CL has always been present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Yifan Chang , Wenbo Li , Jian Peng , Bo Tang , Yu Kang , Yinjie Lei , Yuanmiao Gui , Qing Zhu , Yu Liu , Haifeng Li

Continual learning (CL) is crucial for deploying large language models (LLMs) in dynamic real-world environments without costly retraining. While recent model ensemble and model merging methods guided by parameter importance have gained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yujie Feng , Xujia Wang , Zexin Lu , Shenghong Fu , Guangyuan Shi , Yongxin Xu , Yasha Wang , Philip S. Yu , Xu Chu , Xiao-Ming Wu
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