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Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are relatively a recently-discovered phenomenon, in 1971, some fifteen years into the Space Era. It took another two decades to realize that CMEs are the most important players in solar terrestrial relationship…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-08 Nat Gopalswamy

Two major processes have been proposed to convert the coronal magnetic energy into the kinetic energy of a coronal mass ejection (CME): resistive magnetic reconnection and ideal macroscopic magnetohydrodynamic instability of magnetic flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 H. Q. Song , Y. Chen , D. D. Ye , G. Q. Han , G. H. Du , G. Li , J. Zhang , Q. Hu

Earlier studies on Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), using remote sensing and in situ observations, have attempted to determine some of the internal properties of CMEs, which were limited to a certain position or a certain time. For…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-10 Wageesh Mishra , Yuming Wang

A solar jet can often cause coronal mass ejections (CMEs) with different morphologies in the high corona, for example, jet-like CMEs, bubble-like CMEs, and so-called twin CMEs that include a pair of simultaneous jet-like and bubble-like…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-01 Yadan Duan , Yuandeng Shen , Zehao Tang , Chenrui Zhou , Song Tan

Motivated by the need to improve the ability to forecast whether a certain coronal mass ejection (CME) is to impact Earth, and by the insufficiency of statistical studies that analyze the whole erupting system with the focus on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 M. V. Sieyra , M. Cécere , H. Cremades , F. A. Iglesias , A. Sahade , M. Mierla , G. Stenborg , A. Costa , M. West , E. D'Huys

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are intense solar explosive eruptions. CMEs are highly important players in solar-terrestrial relationships, and they have important consequences for major geomagnetic storms and energetic particle events. It…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Hengqiang Feng , Yan Zhao , Guoqing Zhao , Qiang Liu , Dejin Wu

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most spectacular eruptive phenomena in the solar atmosphere. It is generally accepted that CMEs are results of eruptions of magnetic flux ropes (MFRs). However, a heated debate is on whether MFRs…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Hongqiang Song , Jie Zhang , Yao Chen , Xin Cheng

One of the earliest indicators of the importance of shock acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) was the broad spatial extent of the "gradual" SEP events produced as the shock waves, driven by wide, fast coronal mass ejections…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Donald V. Reames

Solar eruptions, including flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), have a significant impact on Earth. Some flares are associated with CMEs, and some flares are not. The association between flares and CMEs is not always obvious. In this…

Understanding and predicting the structure and evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the heliosphere remains one of the most sought-after goals in heliophysics and space weather research. A powerful tool for improving current…

During eruptive solar flares and coronal mass ejections, a non-pot{\-}ential magnetic arcade with much excess magnetic energy goes unstable and reconnects. It produces a twisted erupting flux rope and leaves behind a sheared arcade of hot…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-07 Eric Priest , Dana Longcope , Miho Janvier

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the largest type of eruptions on the Sun and the main driver of severe space weather at the Earth. In this study, we implement a force-free spheromak CME description within 3-D magnetohydrodynamic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-20 Gordon J. Koehn , Ravindra T. Desai , Emma E. Davies , Robert J. Forsyth , Jonathan P. Eastwood , Stefaan Poedts

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) play a decisive role in driving space weather, especially, the fast ones (e.g., with speeds above $800$~km~s$^{-1}$). Understanding the trigger mechanisms of fast CMEs can help us gaining important information…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Peng Zou , Chaowei Jiang , Fengsi Wei , Pingbing Zuo , Yi Wang

Identifying universal, topology-independent thresholds in the coronal magnetic fields at onset of solar eruptions is crucial for physics-based prediction of eruptions. To this end, we systematically analyze the evolution of magnetic energy…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Xinkai Bian , Chaowei Jiang , Qingjun Liu , Yang Wang , Peng Zou , Xueshang Feng , Pingbing Zuo , Yi Wang

The explosion of space weather research since the early 1990s has been partly fueled by the unprecedented, uniform, and extended observations of solar disturbances from space and ground based instruments. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-15 Nat Gopalswamy

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are subject to changes in their direction of propagation, tilt, and other properties. This is because CMEs interact with the ambient solar wind and other large-scale magnetic field structures. In this work, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-09 Sandeep Kumar , Dinesha V. Hegde , Nandita Srivastava , Nikolai V. Pogorelov , Nat Gopalswamy , Seiji Yashiro

We analyse in this work the propagation and geoeffectiveness of four successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that erupted from the Sun during 21--23 May 2013 and that were detected in interplanetary space by the Wind and/or STEREO-A…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the primary sources of intense disturbances at Earth, where their geo-effectiveness is largely determined by their dynamic pressure and internal magnetic field, which can be significantly altered during…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), often associated with flares, are the most powerful magnetic phenomena occurring on the Sun. Stars show magnetic activity levels up to 10^4 times higher, and CME effects on stellar physics and circumstellar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-28 C. Argiroffi , F. Reale , J. J. Drake , A. Ciaravella , P. Testa , R. Bonito , M. Miceli , S. Orlando , G. Peres

In 2012 March the Sun exhibited extraordinary activities. In particular, the active region NOAA AR 11429 emitted a series of large coronal mass ejections (CMEs) which were imaged by STEREO as it rotated with the Sun from the east to west.…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Ying D. Liu , John D. Richardson , Chi Wang , Janet G. Luhmann
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