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Graph generation aims to sample discrete node and edge attributes while satisfying coupled structural constraints. Diffusion models for graphs often adopt largely factorized forward-noising, and many flow-matching methods start from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yida Xiong , Jiameng Chen , Xiuwen Gong , Jia Wu , Shirui Pan , Wenbin Hu

Generative flow networks (GFlowNets) are a method for learning a stochastic policy for generating compositional objects, such as graphs or strings, from a given unnormalized density by sequences of actions, where many possible action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Nikolay Malkin , Moksh Jain , Emmanuel Bengio , Chen Sun , Yoshua Bengio

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) learn to sample states proportional to an unnormalized reward. Despite their theoretical promise, practical training is often unstable, exhibiting severe loss spikes and mode collapse. To tackle this, we…

The task of deducing three-dimensional molecular configurations from their two-dimensional graph representations holds paramount importance in the fields of computational chemistry and pharmaceutical development. The rapid advancement of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-09 Bobin Yang , Jie Deng , Zhenghan Chen , Ruoxue Wu

Molecular dynamics is the primary computational method by which modern structural biology explores macromolecule structure and function. Boltzmann generators have been proposed as an alternative to molecular dynamics, by replacing the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Congzhou M. Sha , Jian Wang , Nikolay V. Dokholyan

We present a novel and flexible data-driven framework for estimating the response of higher-order moments of nonlinear stochastic systems to small external perturbations. The classical Generalized Fluctuation--Dissipation Theorem (GFDT)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-28 Ludovico T. Giorgini , Fabrizio Falasca , Andre N. Souza

We introduce MolMiner, a fragment-based, geometry-aware, and order-agnostic autoregressive model for molecular design. MolMiner supports conditional generation of molecules over twelve properties, enabling flexible control across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Raul Ortega-Ochoa , Tejs Vegge , Jes Frellsen

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) offer a powerful framework for sampling graphs in proportion to their rewards. However, existing approaches suffer from systematic biases due to inaccuracies in state transition probability computations.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-17 Hohyun Kim , Seunggeun Lee , Min-hwan Oh

Molecular dynamics is a powerful simulation tool to explore material properties. Most of the realistic material systems are too large to be simulated with first-principles molecular dynamics. Classical molecular dynamics has lower…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-11 Zun Wang , Chong Wang , Sibo Zhao , Shiqiao Du , Yong Xu , Bing-Lin Gu , Wenhui Duan

We present two novel generative geometric deep learning frameworks, termed Flow Matching PointNet and Diffusion PointNet, for predicting fluid flow variables on irregular geometries by incorporating PointNet into flow matching and diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ali Kashefi

Generative flow networks (GFlowNets), as an emerging technique, can be used as an alternative to reinforcement learning for exploratory control tasks. GFlowNet aims to generate distribution proportional to the rewards over terminating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yinchuan Li , Shuang Luo , Haozhi Wang , Jianye Hao

We introduce a new approach to functional causal modeling from observational data, called Causal Generative Neural Networks (CGNN). CGNN leverages the power of neural networks to learn a generative model of the joint distribution of the…

We propose an algorithm for learning a conditional generative model of a molecule given a target. Specifically, given a receptor molecule that one wishes to bind to, the conditional model generates candidate ligand molecules that may bind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Eyal Rozenberg , Daniel Freedman

Drug Discovery is a fundamental and ever-evolving field of research. The design of new candidate molecules requires large amounts of time and money, and computational methods are being increasingly employed to cut these costs. Machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-28 Pietro Bongini , Monica Bianchini , Franco Scarselli

The challenge of discovering new molecules with desired properties is crucial in domains like drug discovery and material design. Recent advances in deep learning-based generative methods have shown promise but face the issue of sample…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-31 Hyeonah Kim , Minsu Kim , Sanghyeok Choi , Jinkyoo Park

Generative Flow Networks, or GFlowNets, offer a promising framework for molecular design, but their internal decision policies remain opaque. This limits adoption in drug discovery, where chemists require clear and interpretable rationales…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Amirtha Varshini A S , Duminda S. Ranasinghe , Hok Hei Tam

Effectively predicting molecular interactions has the potential to accelerate molecular dynamics by multiple orders of magnitude and thus revolutionize chemical simulations. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently shown great successes…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 Johannes Gasteiger , Florian Becker , Stephan Günnemann

Functional groups (FGs) are molecular substructures that are served as a foundation for analyzing and predicting chemical properties of molecules. Automatic discovery of FGs will impact various fields of research, including medicinal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Phillip Pope , Soheil Kolouri , Mohammad Rostrami , Charles Martin , Heiko Hoffmann

High training costs of generative models and the need to fine-tune them for specific tasks have created a strong interest in model reuse and composition. A key challenge in composing iterative generative processes, such as GFlowNets and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Timur Garipov , Sebastiaan De Peuter , Ge Yang , Vikas Garg , Samuel Kaski , Tommi Jaakkola

A generative model capable of sampling realistic molecules with desired properties could accelerate chemical discovery across a wide range of applications. Toward this goal, significant effort has focused on developing models that jointly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ian Dunn , David R. Koes