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Artificial intelligence systems, especially those using machine learning, are being deployed in domains from hiring to loan issuance in order to automate these complex decisions. Judging both the effectiveness and fairness of these AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Disa Sariola , Patrick Button , Aron Culotta , Nicholas Mattei

With the rapid advancement of AI, there is a growing trend to integrate AI into decision-making processes. However, AI systems may exhibit biases that lead decision-makers to draw unfair conclusions. Notably, the COMPAS system used in the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Chih-Cheng Rex Yuan , Bow-Yaw Wang

Generative AI, such as large language models, has undergone rapid development within recent years. As these models become increasingly available to the public, concerns arise about perpetuating and amplifying harmful biases in applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sara Sterlie , Nina Weng , Aasa Feragen

The significant advancements in applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) to healthcare decision-making, medical diagnosis, and other domains have simultaneously raised concerns about the fairness and bias of AI systems. This is particularly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Emilio Ferrara

In this study, we conduct a resume-screening experiment (N=528) where people collaborate with simulated AI models exhibiting race-based preferences (bias) to evaluate candidates for 16 high and low status occupations. Simulated AI bias…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Kyra Wilson , Mattea Sim , Anna-Maria Gueorguieva , Aylin Caliskan

In an era where AI-driven hiring is transforming recruitment practices, concerns about fairness and bias have become increasingly important. To explore these issues, we introduce a benchmark, FAIRE (Fairness Assessment In Resume…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Athena Wen , Tanush Patil , Ansh Saxena , Yicheng Fu , Sean O'Brien , Kevin Zhu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated remarkable capabilities in domains such as recruitment, finance, healthcare, and the judiciary. However, biases in AI systems raise ethical and societal concerns, emphasizing the need for…

The deployment of generative AI (GenAI) models raises significant fairness concerns, addressed in this paper through novel characterization and enforcement techniques specific to GenAI. Unlike standard AI performing specific tasks, GenAI's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Chih-Hong Cheng , Changshun Wu , Xingyu Zhao , Saddek Bensalem , Harald Ruess

AI-enhanced personality assessments are increasingly shaping hiring decisions, using affective computing to predict traits from the Big Five (OCEAN) model. However, integrating AI into these assessments raises ethical concerns, especially…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Dena F. Mujtaba , Nihar R. Mahapatra

Face recognition and verification are two computer vision tasks whose performance has progressed with the introduction of deep representations. However, ethical, legal, and technical challenges due to the sensitive character of face data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Alexandre Fournier-Montgieux , Michael Soumm , Adrian Popescu , Bertrand Luvison , Hervé Le Borgne

A well-known limitation of AI systems is presumptuousness: the tendency of AI systems to provide confident answers when information may be lacking. This challenge is particularly acute in legal applications, where a core task for attorneys,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Mohamed Afane , Emily Robitschek , Derek Ouyang , Daniel E. Ho

As AI becomes prevalent in high-risk domains and decision-making, it is essential to test for potential harms and biases. This urgency is reflected by the global emergence of AI regulations that emphasise fairness and adequate testing, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Varsha Ramineni , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz , David Barber

With AI systems widely applied to assist humans in decision-making processes such as talent hiring, school admission, and loan approval; there is an increasing need to ensure that the decisions made are fair. One major challenge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhe Yu , Xiaoyin Xi , Pranam Prakash Shetty

Recent years have seen rapid growth in the market for HR technology and AI-driven HR solutions in particular. This popularity has also resulted in increased attention to the negative aspects of using AI to support hiring practices, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Mesut Kaya , Toine Bogers

Generative AI (GenAI) models present new challenges in regulating against discriminatory behavior. In this paper, we argue that GenAI fairness research still has not met these challenges; instead, a significant gap remains between existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Thomas P. Zollo , Nikita Rajaneesh , Richard Zemel , Talia B. Gillis , Emily Black

Currently, there is a surge of interest in fair Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) research which aims to mitigate discriminatory bias in AI algorithms, e.g. along lines of gender, age, and race. While most research in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Clarice Wang , Kathryn Wang , Andrew Bian , Rashidul Islam , Kamrun Naher Keya , James Foulds , Shimei Pan

Disparities in the societal harms and impacts of Generative AI (GenAI) systems highlight the critical need for effective unfairness measurement approaches. While numerous benchmarks exist, designing valid measurements requires proper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kimberly Le Truong , Annette Zimmermann , Hoda Heidari

Human-AI collaboration is increasingly relevant in consequential areas where AI recommendations support human discretion. However, human-AI teams' effectiveness, capability, and fairness highly depend on human perceptions of AI. Positive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Domenique Zipperling , Luca Deck , Julia Lanzl , Niklas Kühl

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been used extensively in automatic decision making in a broad variety of scenarios, ranging from credit ratings for loans to recommendations of movies. Traditional design guidelines for AI models focus…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Marisa Vasconcelos , Carlos Cardonha , Bernardo Gonçalves

Artificial intelligence is increasingly used in hiring, raising concerns about how applicants perceive these systems. While prior work on algorithmic fairness has emphasized technical bias mitigation, little is known about how avatar…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Ka Hei Carrie Lau , Philipp Stark , Efe Bozkir , Enkelejda Kasneci
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