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Related papers: How Many Instructions Can LLMs Follow at Once?

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Evaluating instruction following capabilities for multimodal, multi-turn dialogue is challenging. With potentially multiple instructions in the input model context, the task is time-consuming for human raters and we show LLM based judges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Elliot L. Epstein , Kaisheng Yao , Jing Li , Xinyi Bai , Hamid Palangi

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing (NLP). LLMs require an extreme amount of parameters to attain high performance. As models grow into the trillion-parameter range,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Zhyar Rzgar K Rostam , Sándor Szénási , Gábor Kertész

Computer manufacturers offer platforms for users to describe device faults using textual reports such as "My screen is flickering". Identifying the faulty component from the report is essential for automating tests and improving user…

Task semantics can be expressed by a set of input-output examples or a piece of textual instruction. Conventional machine learning approaches for natural language processing (NLP) mainly rely on the availability of large-scale sets of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Renze Lou , Kai Zhang , Wenpeng Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate substantively relevant content but fail to adhere to formal constraints, leading to outputs that are conceptually correct but procedurally flawed. Traditional prompt refinement approaches focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Alberto Purpura , Li Wang , Sahil Badyal , Eugenio Beaufrand , Adam Faulkner

A crucial factor for successful human and AI interaction is the ability of language models or chatbots to follow human instructions precisely. A common feature of instructions are output constraints like ``only answer with yes or no" or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Valentina Pyatkin , Saumya Malik , Victoria Graf , Hamish Ivison , Shengyi Huang , Pradeep Dasigi , Nathan Lambert , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Instruction tuning has become a foundation for unlocking the capabilities of large-scale pretrained models and improving their performance on complex tasks. Thus, the construction of high-quality instruction datasets is crucial for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Li Du , Hanyu Zhao , Yiming Ju , Tengfei Pan

In-context learning (ICL) is an important yet not fully understood ability of pre-trained large language models (LLMs). It can greatly enhance task performance using a few examples, termed demonstrations, without fine-tuning. Although…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Do Xuan Long , Duong Ngoc Yen , Do Xuan Trong , Luu Anh Tuan , Kenji Kawaguchi , Shafiq Joty , Min-Yen Kan , Nancy F. Chen

Recent advances in reinforcement learning for large language models have converged on increasing complexity: multi-stage training pipelines, dynamic hyperparameter schedules, and curriculum learning strategies. This raises a fundamental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Bingxiang He , Zekai Qu , Zeyuan Liu , Yinghao Chen , Yuxin Zuo , Cheng Qian , Kaiyan Zhang , Weize Chen , Chaojun Xiao , Ganqu Cui , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) show significant potential in hardware engineering, current benchmarks suffer from saturation and limited task diversity, failing to reflect LLMs' performance in real industrial workflows. To address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhongkai Yu , Chenyang Zhou , Yichen Lin , Hejia Zhang , Haotian Ye , Junxia Cui , Zaifeng Pan , Jishen Zhao , Yufei Ding

Recent frontier-level LLMs have saturated many previously difficult benchmarks, leaving little room for further differentiation. This progress highlights the need for challenging benchmarks that provide objective verification. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Hyeonseok Moon , Seongtae Hong , Jaehyung Seo , Heuiseok Lim

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

A significant portion of the energy consumed by Large Language Models (LLMs) arises from their inference processes; hence developing energy-efficient methods for inference is crucial. While several techniques exist for inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Soham Poddar , Paramita Koley , Janardan Misra , Sanjay Podder , Navveen Balani , Niloy Ganguly , Saptarshi Ghosh

Instruction-following is particularly crucial for large language models (LLMs) to support diverse user requests. While existing work has made progress in aligning LLMs with human preferences, evaluating their capabilities on instruction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Zihui Gu , Xingwu Sun , Fengzong Lian , Zhanhui Kang , Cheng-Zhong Xu , Ju Fan

Large language models are able to perform a task by conditioning on a few input-output demonstrations - a paradigm known as in-context learning. We show that language models can explicitly infer an underlying task from a few demonstrations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Or Honovich , Uri Shaham , Samuel R. Bowman , Omer Levy

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional instruct-following ability to complete various downstream tasks. Although this impressive ability makes LLMs flexible task solvers, their performance in solving tasks also heavily relies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Pengwei Zhan , Zhen Xu , Qian Tan , Jie Song , Ru Xie

Financial tasks are pivotal to global economic stability; however, their execution faces challenges including labor intensive processes, low error tolerance, data fragmentation, and tool limitations. Although large language models (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Junzhe Jiang , Chang Yang , Aixin Cui , Sihan Jin , Ruiyu Wang , Bo Li , Xiao Huang , Dongning Sun , Xinrun Wang

High-privilege LLM agents that autonomously process external documentation are increasingly trusted to automate tasks by reading and executing project instructions, yet they are granted terminal access, filesystem control, and outbound…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ching-Yu Kao , Xinfeng Li , Shenyu Dai , Tianze Qiu , Pengcheng Zhou , Eric Hanchen Jiang , Philip Sperl

Machine-learning (ML) hardware and software system demand is burgeoning. Driven by ML applications, the number of different ML inference systems has exploded. Over 100 organizations are building ML inference chips, and the systems that…

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger
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