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The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies heavily on the huge amount of pre-training data learned in the pre-training phase. The opacity of the pre-training process and the training data causes the results of many benchmark tests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shiwen Ni , Xiangtao Kong , Chengming Li , Xiping Hu , Ruifeng Xu , Jia Zhu , Min Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in assisting scientific research, yet their ability to discover high-quality research hypotheses remains unexamined due to the lack of a dedicated benchmark. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yujie Liu , Zonglin Yang , Tong Xie , Jinjie Ni , Ben Gao , Yuqiang Li , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Erik Cambria , Dongzhan Zhou

Criminal case matching endeavors to determine the relevance between different criminal cases. Conventional methods predict the relevance solely based on instance-level semantic features and neglect the diverse legal factors (LFs), which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jie Zhao , Ziyu Guan , Wei Zhao , Yue Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks. However, their practical application in high-stake domains, such as fraud and abuse detection, remains an area that requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Joymallya Chakraborty , Wei Xia , Anirban Majumder , Dan Ma , Walid Chaabene , Naveed Janvekar

Large Language Models (LLMs) ) have demonstrated promise in boosting productivity across AI-powered tools, yet existing benchmarks like Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) inadequately assess enterprise-specific task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Liya Wang , David Yi , Damien Jose , John Passarelli , James Gao , Jordan Leventis , Kang Li

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on knowledge editing to support knowledge-intensive reasoning, but this flexibility also introduces critical safety risks: adversaries can inject malicious or misleading knowledge that corrupts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qinghua Mao , Xi Lin , Jinze Gu , Jun Wu , Siyuan Li , Yuliang Chen

Vulnerability detection is a crucial yet challenging task to identify potential weaknesses in software for cyber security. Recently, deep learning (DL) has made great progress in automating the detection process. Due to the complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuejun Guo , Seifeddine Bettaieb

We present DMCD (DataMap Causal Discovery), a two-phase causal discovery framework that integrates LLM-based semantic drafting from variable metadata with statistical validation on observational data. In Phase I, a large language model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Samarth KaPatel , Sofia Nikiforova , Giacinto Paolo Saggese , Paul Smith

Peer review is crucial for advancing and improving science through constructive criticism. However, toxic feedback can discourage authors and hinder scientific progress. This work explores an important but underexplored area: detecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Man Luo , Bradley Peterson , Rafael Gan , Hari Ramalingame , Navya Gangrade , Ariadne Dimarogona , Imon Banerjee , Phillip Howard

Digital systems find it challenging to keep up with cybersecurity threats. The daily emergence of more than 560,000 new malware strains poses significant hazards to the digital ecosystem. The traditional malware detection methods fail to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Abrar Fahim , Shamik Dey , Md. Nurul Absur , Md Kamrul Siam , Md. Tahmidul Huque , Jafreen Jafor Godhuli

The rapid advancement of AI technologies and their accelerated adoption in software development necessitates a systematic evaluation of their environmental impact alongside functional correctness. While prior studies have examined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mohammadjavad Mehditabar , Saurabhsingh Rajput , Antonio Mastropaolo , Tushar Sharma

Data races pose a significant threat in multi-threaded parallel applications due to their negative impact on program correctness. DataRaceBench, an open-source benchmark suite, is specifically crafted to assess these data race detection…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Le Chen , Wenhao Wu , Stephen F. Siegel , Pei-Hung Lin , Chunhua Liao

Automatic evaluation methods for large language models (LLMs) are hindered by data contamination, leading to inflated assessments of their effectiveness. Existing strategies, which aim to detect contaminated texts, focus on quantifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhuohao Yu , Chang Gao , Wenjin Yao , Yidong Wang , Wei Ye , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie , Yue Zhang , Shikun Zhang

With the emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), hundreds of benchmarks have been developed to ensure the reliability of MLLMs in downstream tasks. However, the evaluation mechanism itself may not be reliable. For developers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Chunyi Li , Xiaozhe Li , Zicheng Zhang , Yuan Tian , Ziheng Jia , Xiaohong Liu , Xiongkuo Min , Jia Wang , Haodong Duan , Kai Chen , Guangtao Zhai

Evidence-enhanced detectors present remarkable abilities in identifying malicious social text. However, the rise of large language models (LLMs) brings potential risks of evidence pollution to confuse detectors. This paper explores…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Herun Wan , Minnan Luo , Zhixiong Su , Guang Dai , Xiang Zhao

Open benchmarks are essential for evaluating and advancing large language models, offering reproducibility and transparency. However, their accessibility makes them likely targets of test set contamination. In this work, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yize Cheng , Wenxiao Wang , Mazda Moayeri , Soheil Feizi

Programming is a core skill in computer science and software engineering (SE), yet identifying and resolving code errors remains challenging for both novice and experienced developers. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Md Faizul Ibne Amin , Yutaka Watanobe , Md. Mostafizer Rahman , Daniel M. Muepu , Md. Shahajada Mia

Knowledge editing aims to update the embedded knowledge within Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing approaches, whether through parameter modification or external memory integration, often suffer from inconsistent evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guoxiu He , Xin Song , Futing Wang , Aixin Sun

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has sparked enormous interest due to their potential application across a range of educational tasks. For example, recent work in programming education has used LLMs to generate learning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Charles Koutcheme , Nicola Dainese , Sami Sarsa , Juho Leinonen , Arto Hellas , Paul Denny

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for large language models (LLMs), yet the non-deterministic behavior of DLMs remains poorly understood. The existing non-determinism evaluations for LLMs predominantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhengyu Fang , Zhimeng Jiang , Huiyuan Chen , Xiaoge Zhang , Tianyi Li , Kaiyu Tang , Xiao Li , Jing Li