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The exponential growth of information on the Internet is a big challenge for information retrieval systems towards generating relevant results. Novel approaches are required to reformat or expand user queries to generate a satisfactory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Morgan Gallant , Haruna Isah , Farhana Zulkernine , Shahzad Khan

Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (LLMs), which incorporate the non-parametric knowledge from external knowledge bases into LLMs, have emerged as a promising approach to enhancing response accuracy in several tasks, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Soyeong Jeong , Jinheon Baek , Sukmin Cho , Sung Ju Hwang , Jong C. Park

Effective cross-lingual dense retrieval methods that rely on multilingual pre-trained language models (PLMs) need to be trained to encompass both the relevance matching task and the cross-language alignment task. However, cross-lingual data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Shengyao Zhuang , Linjun Shou , Guido Zuccon

Large language models (LLMs) have been used to generate query expansions augmenting original queries for improving information search. Recent studies also explore providing LLMs with initial retrieval results to generate query expansions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Yu Xia , Junda Wu , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Ryan A. Rossi , Haoliang Wang , Julian McAuley

Retrieval-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) offer substantial benefits in enhancing performance across knowledge-intensive scenarios. However, these methods often face challenges with complex inputs and encounter difficulties due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Haoyu Wang , Ruirui Li , Haoming Jiang , Jinjin Tian , Zhengyang Wang , Chen Luo , Xianfeng Tang , Monica Cheng , Tuo Zhao , Jing Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable adaptability, showcasing their capacity to excel in tasks for which they were not explicitly trained. However, despite their impressive natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Supun Manathunga , Isuru Hettigoda

Query expansion (QE) is a well-known technique used to enhance the effectiveness of information retrieval. QE reformulates the initial query by adding similar terms that help in retrieving more relevant results. Several approaches have been…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Hiteshwar Kumar Azad , Akshay Deepak

Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational in language technologies, particularly in information retrieval (IR). Previous studies have utilized LLMs for query expansion, achieving notable improvements in IR. In this paper, we thoroughly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Le Zhang , Yihong Wu , Qian Yang , Jian-Yun Nie

In search engines, query expansion (QE) is a crucial technique to improve search experience. Previous studies often rely on long-term search log mining, which leads to slow updates and is sub-optimal for time-sensitive news searches. In…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Yanan Zhang , Weijie Cui , Yangfan Zhang , Xiaoling Bai , Zhe Zhang , Jin Ma , Xiang Chen , Tianhua Zhou

Using tools by Large Language Models (LLMs) is a promising avenue to extend their reach beyond language or conversational settings. The number of tools can scale to thousands as they enable accessing sensory information, fetching updated…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Mohammad Kachuee , Sarthak Ahuja , Vaibhav Kumar , Puyang Xu , Xiaohu Liu

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising technique for mitigating two key limitations of large language models (LLMs): outdated information and hallucinations. RAG system stores documents as embedding vectors in a database. Given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taehee Jeong , Xingzhe Zhao , Peizu Li , Markus Valvur , Weihua Zhao

Conversational Query Reformulation (CQR) has significantly advanced in addressing the challenges of conversational search, particularly those stemming from the latent user intent and the need for historical context. Recent works aimed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yilong Lai , Jialong Wu , Congzhi Zhang , Haowen Sun , Deyu Zhou

Effective Question Answering (QA) on large biomedical document collections requires effective document retrieval techniques. The latter remains a challenging task due to the domain-specific vocabulary and semantic ambiguity in user queries.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zabir Al Nazi , Vagelis Hristidis , Aaron Lawson McLean , Jannat Ara Meem , Md Taukir Azam Chowdhury

Query expansion aims to mitigate the mismatch between the language used in a query and in a document. However, query expansion methods can suffer from introducing non-relevant information when expanding the query. To bridge this gap,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Zhi Zheng , Kai Hui , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Andrew Yates

This paper introduces a system that integrates large language models (LLMs) into the clinical trial retrieval process, enhancing the effectiveness of matching patients with eligible trials while maintaining information privacy and allowing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Georgios Peikos , Pranav Kasela , Gabriella Pasi

Legal Passage Retrieval (LPR) systems are crucial as they help practitioners save time when drafting legal arguments. However, it remains an underexplored avenue. One primary reason is the significant vocabulary mismatch between the query…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Daehee Kim , Deokhyung Kang , Jonghwi Kim , Sangwon Ryu , Gary Geunbae Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown proficiency in question-answering tasks but often struggle to integrate real-time knowledge, leading to potentially outdated or inaccurate responses. This problem becomes even more challenging when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yucheng Shi , Qiaoyu Tan , Xuansheng Wu , Shaochen Zhong , Kaixiong Zhou , Ninghao Liu

Despite the remarkable ability of large language models (LMs) to comprehend and generate language, they have a tendency to hallucinate and create factually inaccurate output. Augmenting LMs by retrieving information from external knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zhengbao Jiang , Frank F. Xu , Luyu Gao , Zhiqing Sun , Qian Liu , Jane Dwivedi-Yu , Yiming Yang , Jamie Callan , Graham Neubig

We present Attentive Reasoning Queries (ARQs), a novel structured reasoning approach that significantly improves instruction-following in Large Language Models through domain-specialized reasoning blueprints. While LLMs demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Bar Karov , Dor Zohar , Yam Marcovitz

Query Expansion (QE) is a well established method for improving retrieval metrics in image search applications. When using QE, the search is conducted on a new query vector, constructed using an aggregation function over the query and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Benjamin Klein , Lior Wolf