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We introduce a novel deep reinforcement learning (RL) approach called Movement Primitive-based Planning Policy (MP3). By integrating movement primitives (MPs) into the deep RL framework, MP3 enables the generation of smooth trajectories…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Fabian Otto , Hongyi Zhou , Onur Celik , Ge Li , Rudolf Lioutikov , Gerhard Neumann

The performance of optimization-based robot motion planning algorithms is highly dependent on the initial solutions, commonly obtained by running a sampling-based planner to obtain a collision-free path. However, these methods can be slow…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-15 J. Carvalho , A. Le , P. Kicki , D. Koert , J. Peters

Spatial understanding is a critical aspect of most robotic tasks, particularly when generalization is important. Despite the impressive results of deep generative models in complex manipulation tasks, the absence of a representation that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Niklas Funk , Julen Urain , Joao Carvalho , Vignesh Prasad , Georgia Chalvatzaki , Jan Peters

Recent advances in FlowMatching-based Vision-Language-Action (VLA) frameworks have demonstrated remarkable advantages in generating high-frequency action chunks, particularly for highly dexterous robotic manipulation tasks. Despite these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yang Chen , Xiaoguang Ma , Bin Zhao

Diffusion and flow matching policies have recently demonstrated remarkable performance in robotic applications by accurately capturing multimodal robot trajectory distributions. However, their computationally expensive inference, due to the…

Recent advances in hierarchical robot systems leverage a high-level planner to propose task plans and a low-level policy to generate robot actions. This design allows training the planner on action-free or even non-robot data sources (e.g.,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yitian Zheng , Zhangchen Ye , Weijun Dong , Shengjie Wang , Yuyang Liu , Chongjie Zhang , Chuan Wen , Yang Gao

We consider the problem of using diffusion models to generate fast, smooth, and temporally consistent robot motions. Although diffusion models have demonstrated superior performance in robot learning due to their task scalability and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Xirui Shi , Jun Jin

Learning long-horizon robotic manipulation requires jointly achieving expressive behavior modeling, real-time inference, and stable execution, which remains challenging for existing generative policies. Diffusion-based approaches offer…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wu Songwei , Jiang Zhiduo , Sun Wandong , Xie Guanghu , Zhao Rui , Liu Hong , Liu Yang

Modeling generalized robot control policies poses ongoing challenges for language-guided robot manipulation tasks. Existing methods often struggle to efficiently utilize cross-dataset resources or rely on resource-intensive vision-language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Wenhui Tan , Bei Liu , Junbo Zhang , Ruihua Song , Jianlong Fu

Learning robust visuomotor policies that generalize across diverse objects and interaction dynamics remains a central challenge in robotic manipulation. Most existing approaches rely on direct observation-to-action mappings or compress…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Sangjun Noh , Dongwoo Nam , Kangmin Kim , Geonhyup Lee , Yeonguk Yu , Raeyoung Kang , Kyoobin Lee

Flow map models such as Consistency Models (CM) and Mean Flow (MF) enable few-step generation by learning the long jump of the ODE solution of diffusion models, yet training remains unstable, sensitive to hyperparameters, and costly.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zheyuan Hu , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuki Mitsufuji , Stefano Ermon

One-step generative modeling has emerged as a leading approach to amortize the inference cost of diffusion and flow-matching models. Among distillation-free methods, MeanFlow training is notoriously unstable, with non-decreasing loss and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Juanwu Lu , Ziran Wang

Diffusion and flow models have become the dominant paradigm for generative modeling on Riemannian manifolds, with successful applications in protein backbone generation and DNA sequence design. However, these methods require tens to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Dongyeop Woo , Marta Skreta , Seonghyun Park , Kirill Neklyudov , Sungsoo Ahn

Denoising-based models, such as diffusion and flow matching, have been a critical component of robotic manipulation for their strong distribution-fitting and scaling capacity. Concurrently, several works have demonstrated that simple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Weixi Song , Zhetao Chen , Tao Xu , Xianchao Zeng , Xinyu Zhou , Lixin Yang , Donglin Wang , Cewu Lu , Yong-Lu Li

Asynchronous inference has emerged as a prevalent paradigm in robotic manipulation, achieving significant progress in ensuring trajectory smoothness and efficiency. However, a systemic challenge remains unresolved, as inherent latency…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haoyu Wei , Xiuwei Xu , Ziyang Cheng , Hang Yin , Angyuan Ma , Bingyao Yu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Though robot learning is often formulated in terms of discrete-time Markov decision processes (MDPs), physical robots require near-continuous multiscale feedback control. Machines operate on multiple asynchronous sensing modalities, each…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Sumeet Singh , Francis McCann Ramirez , Jacob Varley , Andy Zeng , Vikas Sindhwani

Multi-step prediction models, such as diffusion and rectified flow models, have emerged as state-of-the-art solutions for generation tasks. However, these models exhibit higher latency in sampling new frames compared to single-step methods.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Gaurav Shrivastava , Abhinav Shrivastava

Vision-based robotics often separates the control loop into one module for perception and a separate module for control. It is possible to train the whole system end-to-end (e.g. with deep RL), but doing it "from scratch" comes with a high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Bryan Chen , Alexander Sax , Gene Lewis , Iro Armeni , Silvio Savarese , Amir Zamir , Jitendra Malik , Lerrel Pinto

Effective robot navigation in unseen environments is a challenging task that requires precise control actions at high frequencies. Recent advances have framed it as an image-goal-conditioned control problem, where the robot generates…

The multi-step denoising process in diffusion and Flow Matching models causes major efficiency issues, which motivates research on few-step generation. We present Solution Flow Models (SoFlow), a framework for one-step generation from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tianze Luo , Haotian Yuan , Zhuang Liu