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We consider a dynamical approach to sequential games. By restricting the convertibility relation over strategy profiles, we obtain a semi-potential (in the sense of Kukushkin), and we show that in finite games the corresponding restriction…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly

Learning in games considers how multiple agents maximize their own rewards through repeated games. Memory, an ability that an agent changes his/her action depending on the history of actions in previous games, is often introduced into…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yuma Fujimoto , Kaito Ariu , Kenshi Abe

We investigate the behavior of equilibria in an $M/M/1$ feedback queue where price and time sensitive customers are homogeneous with respect to service valuation and cost per unit time of waiting. Upon arrival, customers can observe the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Mark Fackrell , Peter Taylor , Jiesen Wang

When people play a repeated game they usually try to anticipate their opponents' moves based on past observations, and then decide what action to take next. Behavioural economics studies the mechanisms by which strategic decisions are taken…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-04-20 Tobias Galla

The empirical success of Multi-agent reinforcement learning is encouraging, while few theoretical guarantees have been revealed. In this work, we prove that the plug-in solver approach, probably the most natural reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Qiwen Cui , Lin F. Yang

We derive the rate of convergence to the strongly variationally stable Nash equilibrium in a convex game, for a zeroth-order learning algorithm. Though we do not assume strong monotonicity of the game, our rates for the one-point feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Tatiana Tatarenko , Maryam Kamgarpour

We study the problem of an agent continuously faced with the decision of placing or not placing trust in an institution. The agent makes use of Bayesian learning in order to estimate the institution's true trustworthiness and makes the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-06 Benedikt V. Meylahn , Arnoud V. den Boer , Michel Mandjes

We study Nash equilibrium learning in partially observable Markov games (POMGs), a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework in which agents cannot fully observe the underlying state. Prior work in this setting relies on centralization…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Philip Jordan , Maryam Kamgarpour

The decisions that human beings make to allocate time has significant bearing on economic output and to the sustenance of social networks. The time allocation problem motivates our formal analysis of the resource allocation game, where…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Wei-Chun Lee , Vasilis Livanos , Ruta Mehta , Hari Sundaram

Trust and reciprocation of it form the foundation of economic, social and other interactions. While the Trust Game is widely used to study these concepts for interactions between two players, often alternating different roles (i.e.,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-21 Ik Soo Lim , Naoki Masuda

In this paper, we consider two-player zero-sum matrix and stochastic games and develop learning dynamics that are payoff-based, convergent, rational, and symmetric between the two players. Specifically, the learning dynamics for matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Zaiwei Chen , Kaiqing Zhang , Eric Mazumdar , Asuman Ozdaglar , Adam Wierman

Two issues of algorithmic collusion are addressed in this paper. First, we show that in a general class of symmetric games, including Prisoner's Dilemma, Bertrand competition, and any (nonlinear) mixture of first and second price auction,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-09-05 Zhang Xu , Wei Zhao

Reciprocity is an important feature of human social interaction and underpins our cooperative nature. What is more, simple forms of reciprocity have proved remarkably resilient in matrix game social dilemmas. Most famously, the tit-for-tat…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Tom Eccles , Edward Hughes , János Kramár , Steven Wheelwright , Joel Z. Leibo

The main goal of this paper is to develop a theory of inference of player valuations from observed data in the generalized second price auction without relying on the Nash equilibrium assumption. Existing work in Economics on inferring…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Denis Nekipelov , Vasilis Syrgkanis , Eva Tardos

We study the complexity of computing equilibria in binary public goods games on undirected graphs. In such a game, players correspond to vertices in a graph and face a binary choice of performing an action, or not. Each player's decision…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Max Klimm , Maximilian J. Stahlberg

We propose a simple yet rich model to extend the notions of Nash equilibria and correlated equilibria of strategic games to the quantum setting, in which we then study the relations between classical and quantum equilibria. Unlike the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Shengyu Zhang

Trust is central to human social interactions, manifesting in actions that make one vulnerable to another. We argue that trust will thus depend on the decision-making processes that arise in neural systems. Building on advances in the…

General Economics · Economics 2025-09-23 Scott E. Allen , René F. Kizilcec , A. David Redish

Spatial structure has a profound effect on the outcome of evolutionary games. In the ultimatum game, it leads to the dominance of much fairer players than those predicted to evolve in well-mixed settings. Here we show that spatiality leads…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-11-09 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Gyorgy Szabo

Trust is one of the cornerstones of human society. One of the evolutionary pressure mechanisms that may have led to its emergence is the presence of incentives for trustworthy behavior. However, this type of reward has received relatively…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-10 Haidong Zhang , Chaoqian Wang , Shuo Liu , Charo I. del Genio , Stefano Boccaletti , Xin Lu

We study the repeated congestion game, in which multiple populations of players share resources, and make, at each iteration, a decentralized decision on which resources to utilize. We investigate the following question: given a model of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-04 Walid Krichene , Benjamin Drighès , Alexandre M. Bayen