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The $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric non-Hermitian quantum Rabi model (QRM) with imaginary coupling is solved using the Bogoliubov operators approach. A transcendental function responsible for the exact solutions is derived, with its zeros yielding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Jiong Li , Yi-Cheng Wang , Li-Wei Duan , Qing-Hu Chen

Spontaneous symmetry breaking has revolutionized the understanding in numerous fields of modern physics. Here, we theoretically demonstrate the spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Yu-Kun Lu , Pai Peng , Qi-Tao Cao , Da Xu , Jan Wiersig , Qihuang Gong , Yun-Feng Xiao

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems have recently attracted wide interests and spawned intriguing prospects for enhanced sensing. However, EPs have not yet been realized in thermal atomic ensembles, which is one of the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-30 Chao Liang , Yuanjiang Tang , An-Ning Xu , Yong-Chun Liu

Exceptional points (EPs), indicative of parity-time (PT) symmetry breaking, play a central role in non-Hermitian physics, yet most studies begin from deliberately engineered effective Hamiltonians whose parameters are tuned to exhibit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Eric R. Bittner , Bhavay Tyagi , Kevin E. Bassler

In non-Hermitian systems, the defective band degeneracies, so-called exceptional points (EPs), can form robust exceptional lines (ELs) in 3D momentum space in the absence of any symmetries. Here, we show that a natural orientation can be…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-13 Ruo-Yang Zhang , Xiaohan Cui , Wen-Jie Chen , Zhao-Qing Zhang , C. T. Chan

We present the experimental demonstration of the occurrence of exceptional points of degeneracy (EPDs) in a single resonator by introducing a linear time-periodic variation of one of its components, in contrast to EPDs in parity time…

We propose to use exceptional points (EPs) to construct diffraction-free beam propagation and localized power oscillation in lattices. Specifically, here we propose two systems to utilize EPs for diffraction-free beam propagation, one in…

Optics · Physics 2021-02-24 Cem Yuce , Hamidreza Ramezani

Exceptional points (EPs) are special spectral degeneracies of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians governing the dynamics of open systems. At the EP two or more eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenstates coalesce. Recently, it has been proposed…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-19 Yu-Hung Lai , Yu-Kun Lu , Myoung-Gyun Suh , Kerry Vahala

Exceptional points (EPs) play a vital role in non-Hermitian (NH) systems, driving unique dynamical phenomena and promising innovative applications. However, the NH dynamics at EPs remains obscure due to the incomplete biorthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Yan Xing , Xuedong Zhao , Hui Jing , Shi-Lei Su

Non-Hermitian systems and their topological singularities, such as exceptional points (EPs), lines, and surfaces, have recently attracted intense interest. The investigation of these exceptional constituents has led to fruitful…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-08 Liang Fang , Kai Bai , Cheng Guo , Tian-Rui Liu , Jia-Zheng Li , Meng Xiao

Exceptional points (EPs) are singularities that arise in non-Hermitian physics. Current research efforts focus only on systems supporting isolated EPs characterized by increased sensitivity to external perturbations, which makes them…

Exceptional points (EPs) are special parameter values of a non-Hermitian eigenvalue problem where eigenfunctions corresponding to a multiple eigenvalue coalesce. In optics, EPs are associated with a number of counter-intuitive wave…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-08 Amgad Abdrabou , Ya Yan Lu

We propose a scheme to realize parity-time (PT) symmetric photonic Lieb lattices of ribbon shape and complex couplings, thereby demonstrating the higher-order exceptional point (EP) and Landau-Zener Bloch (LZB) oscillations in presence of a…

Quantum sensing near exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems has shown promising sensitivity enhancements. However, practical applications are often hindered by structural complexity and strict parameter constraints. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Hao-Wen Zhang , Dong-Yang Wang , Cheng-Hua Bai , Tian-Xiang Lu , Shi-Lei Su

One of the most intriguing topological features of open systems is exhibiting exceptional point (EP) singularities. Apart from the widely explored second-order EPs (EP2s), the explorations of higher-order EPs in any system requires more…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-01 Arnab Laha , Dinesh Beniwal , Sibnath Dey , Abhijit Biswas , Somnath Ghosh

We introduce a class of Parity-Time symmetric elastodynamic metamaterials (Ed-MetaMater) whose Hermitian counterpart exhibits a frequency spectrum with unfolding (fractal) symmetries. Our study reveals a scale-free formation of exceptional…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Yanghao Fang , Tsampikos Kottos , Ramathasan Thevamaran

Non-Hermitian, tight-binding $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric models are extensively studied in the literature. Here, we investigate two forms of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians to study the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking thresholds and features of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Jacob L. Barnett , Yogesh N. Joglekar

An experimental setup of three coupled $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric wave guides showing the characteristics of a third-order exceptional point (EP3) has been investigated in an idealized model of three delta-functions wave guides in W.~D. Heiss…

We investigate wave transport properties of Parity-Time (PT) symmetric lattices that are periodically modulated along the direction of propagation. We demonstrate that in the regime of unbroken PT-symmetry the system Floquet-Bloch modes may…

Optics · Physics 2015-10-28 Maksim Kozlov , G. P. Tsironis

Non-orthogonality in non-Hermitian quantum systems gives rise to tremendous exotic quantum phenomena, which can be fundamentally traced back to non-unitarity and is much more fundamental and universal than complex energy spectrum. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-06 Yue-Yu Zou , Yao Zhou , Li-Mei Chen , Peng Ye