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Quantum tunnelling of electrons can be confined to the sub-cycle time scale of strong light fields, contributing decisively to the extreme time resolution of attosecond science. Because tunnelling also enables atomic-scale spatial…
The electron motion in atoms and molecules is at the heart of all phenomena in nature that occur outside the nucleus. Recently, ultrafast electron and X-ray imaging tools have been developed to image the ultrafast dynamics of matter in real…
The basic properties of atoms, molecules and solids are governed by electron dynamics which take place on extremely short time scales. To measure and control these dynamics therefore requires ultrafast sources of radiation combined with…
Attosecond observations of coherent electron dynamics in molecules and nanostructures can be achieved by combining conventional scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) with ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses. While experimental studies in the…
Lightwave-driven terahertz scanning tunnelling microscopy (THz-STM) is capable of exploring ultrafast dynamics across a wide range of materials with angstrom resolution. In contrast to scanning near-field optical microscopy, where photons…
Time-resolved investigations of ultrafast electronic and molecular dynamics were not possible until recently. The typical time scale of these processes is in the picosecond to attosecond realm. The tremendous technological progress in…
Lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) at near-IR frequencies promises an unprecedented combination of atomic spatial resolution and temporal resolution approaching the attosecond range. To achieve this goal, high-sensitivity…
Atomic-scale disorder shapes the potential energy landscape traversed by photoexcited charge carriers, while the carriers themselves also dynamically reshape this landscape. However, resolving ultrafast photocarrier motion at atomic length…
The miniaturization of semiconductor devices to the scales where small numbers of dopants can control device properties requires the development of new techniques capable of characterizing their dynamics. Investigating single dopants…
The junction of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) operating in the tunneling regime was irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses. A photo-excited hot electron in the STM tip resonantly tunnels into an excited state of a single molecule…
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) has presented a revolutionary methodology to the nanoscience and nanotechnology. It enables imaging the topography of surfaces, mapping the distribution of electronic density of states, and manipulating…
Shaping electron beams with the cycles of light provides femtosecond and attosecond time resolution in electron microscopy and enables fundamental quantum-coherent measurements. However, efficient light-electron control requires a prolonged…
Single-cycle optical pulses with a controlled electromagnetic waveform allow to steer the motion of low-energy electrons in atoms, molecules, nanostructures or condensed-matter on attosecond dimensions in time. However, high-energy…
Observing the individual building blocks of matter is one of the primary goals of microscopy. The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope [1] revolutionized experimental surface science in that atomic-scale features on a solid-state…
Coherent electron displacement is a conventional strategy for processing quantum information, as it enables to interconnect distinct sites in a network of atoms. The efficiency of the processing relies on the precise control of the…
Tunneling of a particle through a potential barrier is a fundamental physical process and a major thought-provoking outcome of quantum physics. It is at the basis of multiple scientific and technological advances and strongly influences…
A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) can do more than atomic imaging and manipulation. Its tunneling current can also be used for the excitation of light, converting electron energy to photon energy. STM based single-molecule…
Understanding and controlling decoherence in open quantum systems is of fundamental interest in science, while achieving long coherence times is critical for quantum information processing. Although great progress was made for individual,…
The electric control of quantum spin chains has been an outstanding goal for the few last years due to its potential use in technologies related to quantum information processing. In this work, we show the feasibility of the different steps…
Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (UEM) has been demonstrated to be an effective table-top technique for imaging the temporally-evolving dynamics of matter with subparticle spatial resolution on the time scale of atomic motion. However, imaging…