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The inkjet-fabricated liquid crystal (LC) droplet device not only capitalizes on the intrinsic birefringence properties of liquid crystals but also leverages the hemispherical shape of droplet devices on substrates. This configuration…

Adaptive manipulation of vectorial optical fields are important for optical metrology, imaging, and structured light related applications, yet existing approaches often rely on bulky or sequentially operated systems. Here we demonstrate an…

Uniaxial anisotropy in nonlinear birefringent crystals limits the efficiency of nonlinear optical interactions and breaks the spatial symmetry of light generated in the parametric down-conversion (PDC) process. Therefore, this effect is…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-07 M. Riabinin , P. R. Sharapova , T. Meier

In nature, structural colour generation is based on discriminative light propagation associated with physical structures in the range of the wavelengths of light1. These iridescent structural colours are of immense significance2 but not…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-06 Naresh Yandrapalli , Baris Kumru , Tom Robinson , Markus Antonietti

We present a convenient method to generate vector beams of light having polarization singularities on their axis, via partial spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in a suitably patterned liquid crystal cell. The resulting…

Optical skyrmion beams, which encompass two-dimensional topology in their spatial structures, are promising for ultra-dense optical communications and advanced matter manipulation. Generating such light beams via a chip-based approach will…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-18 Wenbo Lin , Yasutomo Ota , Yasuhiko Arakawa , Satoshi Iwamoto

Although coherent light is usually required for the self-organization of regular spatial patterns from optical beams, we show that peculiar light matter interaction can break this evidence. In the traditional method to record laser-induced…

Liquid crystals (LCs) form an extremely rich range of self-assembled topological structures with artificially or naturally created topological defects. Some of the main applications of LCs are various optical and photonic devices, where…

Optics · Physics 2023-03-09 Miha Papič , Urban Mur , Miha Ravnik , Igor Muševič , Matjaž Humar

Infrared optical photonic crystals fabricated using direct laser writing, which is based on the two-photon polymerization of suitable monomers, have received substantial interest since the emergence of this process. Two-photon…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Marc Lata , Yanzeng Li , Serang Park , Micheal McLamb , Tino Hofmann

We use finite-difference time-domain modelling to investigate plasma generation induced by multi-photon absorption of intense laser light in dielectrics with tiny inhomogenities. Plasma generation is found to be strongly amplified around…

Optics · Physics 2014-10-17 Robert Buschlinger , Stefan Nolte , Ulf Peschel

Optical skyrmions are structured vector fields with nontrivial polarization topology and subwavelength-scale features. One common approach to generating optical skyrmions is the superposition of a zeroth-order Bessel beam and a higher-order…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-26 Donghyun Park , Alex Song , Haejun Chung , Sejeong Kim

The dewetting of an azopolymer droplet, followed by the photostructuration of the evaporated droplet, is employed to create an amplitude mask. This straightforward process yields a large area featuring periodic micro- and nanostructures.…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-08 R. Barille , A. Korbut , S. Zielinska , E. Ortyl , D. G. Perez

Free-space light beams with complex intensity patterns, or non-trivial phase structure, are demanded in diverse fields, ranging from classical and quantum optical communications, to manipulation and imaging of microparticles and cells.…

Optics · Physics 2016-12-13 Andrea Crespi , Francesca Bragheri

Random lasers (RL) emit light through multiple scattering in disordered gain media, typically resulting in isotropic emission with limited directionality control. Controlling RL emission direction in compact systems remains a challenge.…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-11 Khoi Anh Pham , Giuseppe Strangi

Optical vortices, as a kind of structured beam with helical phase wavefronts and doughnut shape intensity distribution, have been used for fabricating chiral structures in metal and spiral patterns in anisotropic polarization-dependent…

Vector and vortex laser beams are desired in many applications and are usually created by manipulating the laser output or by inserting optical components in the laser cavity. Distinctly, inserting liquid crystals into the laser cavity…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-11-14 Urban Mur , Miha Ravnik

In this paper we present a theoretical method, together with its experimental confirmation, to obtain structures of light by connecting diffraction-resistant cylindrical beams of finite lengths and different radii. The resulting…

Light with complex structures in polarization, phase and amplitude, has attracted a lot of attention in a broad range of applications and fundamental studies in classical and quantum optics. Along with the increased interest in structured…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-22 Oussama Korichi , Markus Hiekkamaki , Robert Fickler

We explore the far-field scattering properties of anisotropic 2D materials in ribbon array configuration. Our study reveals the plasmon-enhanced linear birefringence in these ultrathin metasurfaces, where linearly polarized incident light…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-10 Kaveh Khaliji , Arya Fallahi , Luis Martin-Moreno , Tony Low

Birefringence, the polarization-dependent splitting of light in anisotropic crystals, enables diverse optical phenomena and advanced functionalities such as optical communication, nonlinear optics, and quantum optics. However, conventional…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-03 Chenhui Yu , Guanyi Zhu , Mingliang Xu , Fei He , Liwei Song , Ye Tian , Yuxin Leng , Ruxin Li
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